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Farmakoterapi HT
Farmakoterapi HT
Farmakoterapi HT
Figure Legend:
Guideline Comparisons of Goal BP and Initial Drug Therapy for Adults With Hypertension
weight reduction waist circumference <94cm (males); 1mmHg for every 1% weight
<80cm (females) reduction
BMI <25kg/m2
limiting alcohol 2 standard drink (males); 1 standard moderate drinking may increase
drink (females) BP
Lifestyle Modification
Weight reduction Maintain normal body weight 520 mmHg/10 kg
(body mass index 18.524.9
kg/m2).
DASH eating plan Adopt a diet rich in fruits, 814 mmHg
vegetables, and lowfat dairy
products with reduced content
of saturated and total fat.
Dietary sodium reduction Reduce dietary sodium intake 28 mmHg
to <100 mmol per day (2.4 g
sodium or 6 g sodium
chloride).
Aerobic physical activity Regular aerobic physical 49 mmHg
activity (e.g., brisk walking) at
least 30 minutes per day, most
days of the week.
Moderation of alcohol Men: limit to <2 drinks per 24 mmHg
consumption day. Women and lighter weight
persons: limit to <1 drink per
day.
TERAPI NON FARMAKOLOGI
TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI
(-blocker) Nebivolol
Mekanisme kerja :
dengan menurunkan tahanan perifer vaskuler
sehingga terjadi relaksasi otot
vasodilatasi tekanan darah turun
Indikasi : hipertensi
Kontra Indikasi :
takikardia, penyakit jantung iskemia
Efek samping :
takikardia, hiperglikemia, retensi air dan natrium, hipotensi, pusing
Diazoxide
Hidralazin HCl
Minoxidil
Natrium nitroprusside
OBAT YANG MEMPENGARUHI
SISTEM RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN
ACE inhibitor
Mekanisme kerja :
dengan menghambat pembentukan Angiotensin II sehingga :
pembuluh darah tidak mengalami vasokontriksi
tidak terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah
tidak terjadi pelepasan aldosterone
sehingga tidak terjadi retensi Natrium & air
tidak terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah
Indikasi :
hipertensi, gagal jantung kongestif, nefropati diabetes, infark
miokard
Kontra indikasi :
pasien hipersensitif terhadap ACE inhibitor, penyakit
renovaskular, wanita hamil
Efek samping : hipotensi
Antagonis Reseptor Angiotensin II
Mekanisme kerja :
menurunkan tahanan vaskular jantung sehingga
tekanan darah menurun
Indikasi : hipertensi
Kontra indikasi :
antagonis reseptor Angiotensin II, wanita hamil
Efek samping :
hipotensi, hiperkalemia, angioedema
ACE inhibitor
Kaptopril
Benazepril HCl Antagonis Reseptor
Silazapril Angiotensin II
Delapril HCl Kandesartan sileksetil
Enalapril maleat Eprosartan
Fosinopril Irbesartan
Imidapril HCl Kalium losartan
Lisinopril Telmisartan
Moexipril HCl
Perindopril
Ramipril
Trandolapril
Memulai terapi obat untuk hipertensi yang baru terdiagnosa
From: 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Report From the
Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8)
JAMA. 2014;311(5):507-520. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284427
Figure Legend:
Strategies to Dose Antihypertensive Drugsa