Ws01 Piston

WORKSHOP 1
PISTON HEAD ANALYSIS
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

Copyright 2008 MSC.Software Corporation WS1-1
● Workshop Objectives
● Become familiar with all the steps necessary to create a very
simple model, analyze it, and postprocess the results from its
analysis using Patran and MSC.Nastran.
● Problem Description
● Determine if the stress in this typical piston model is low enough
for the material to be in the linear elastic region.
● Piston material: Steel with E = 30 x 106 psi and n =0.3
● Pressure on piston = 1200 psi
● Software Version
● Patran 2008R1
● MSC.Nastran 2008R1

● Key Concepts and Steps:
● Database: create a new database with Analysis Code = MSC.Nastran
and Analysis Type = Structural
● Geometry: import Parasolid geometry of the piston
● Elements: mesh the geometry with solid Tet10 elements
● Loads/BCs: constrain the pinhole surfaces, and apply pressure to the
top of the piston
● Materials: specify an isotropic material for Steel
● Properties: create a 3D solid property
● Analysis: Solution Type = Nastran Linear Static, Solution Sequence =
101, Method = Full Run
● Analysis: access the analysis results by attaching the XDB file to
database
● Results: plot von Mises stress and displacement results

Step 1. Create a New Database
Create a new database called

piston.db and set the model
preferences:
a. File / New
b. Enter piston.db for File Name.
c. Click OK.
e
d. Set the Tolerance under
Model Preferences to Based b c
on Model.
f
e. Make sure that the Analysis
Code and Analysis Type are
set to MSC.Nastran and
Structural, respectively.
f. Click OK.
Step 2. Import the Model Geometry
f f
a
c
Import the model geometry:
a. File / Import
b. Make sure Source is set to
Parasolid.xmt.
d
c. Select piston.xmt.
d. Click Apply.
e. Click OK when Import
Summary form appears.
f. Click on Smooth Shaded
icon and Top View icons.
g. Use the middle mouse button
and rotate the model to attain
the same view shown next.
Step 2. Import the Model Geometry (Cont.)

Step 3. Create a Finite Element Mesh
Create a finite element mesh a

for the model using the
TetMesh-er:
a. Elements : Create /
Mesh / Solid
b. Set Elem. Shape,
Mesher, and Topology to b
Tet, TetMesh and
Tet10, respectively.
c. Select Solid 1 under
Input List.
c
d. Uncheck Automatic
Calculation and enter
0.5 for the Global Edge d
Length.
e. Click Apply.
e
Step 4. Create Constraints
a
Constrain the two pinhole surfaces:
a. Loads/BCs : Create /
Displacement / Nodal d
b. Enter fixed for the New Set
Name.
c. Click on Input Data….
d. Enter <0 0 0> under
Translations only.
e. Click OK.
c
e
Step 4. Create Constraints (Cont.)
Select the application b

region for the nodal
constraints:
c
a. Click on Select
Application d
Region….
b. Set the Geometry
Filter to Geometry. c
c. Click under Select
Geometry Entities,
then on the Surface d
or Face icon.
d. Select both pinhole e
Illustrated above are the two solid
faces and click Add.
faces that are used to define the
e. Click OK. constraint application region for the
f. Click Apply. model. After choosing the first solid
face for the application region, click
Add. To add the second pinhole, use
the middle-mouse button to rotate the
model. Select the other solid face then
click Add. a
Copyright 2008 MSC.Software Corporation
f
WS1-10
Step 5. Create a Pressure Load
Create a pressure that will be a

applied to the top surface of the
piston:
a. Loads/BCs : Create / d
Pressure/ Element Uniform
b. Enter piston_pressure as
the New Set Name.
c. Click on Input Data….
d. Enter 1200.0 for Pressure.
e. Click OK.
c
e
Step 5. Create a Pressure Load (Cont.)
Select the application region

for the pressure: b
a. Click on Select
Application Region….
b. Set the Geometry Filter
c
to Geometry. c
c. Click under Select Solid
Faces, then select the
top face of the piston,
and click Add.
d. Click OK.
e. Click Apply.
c
d
Shown above is the application region
for the pressure load.
a
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 e
Step 5. Create a Pressure Load (Cont.)
It may not seem as though the pressure load is applied uniformly

throughout the top surface of the piston. That is because the application
region was geometry, and not FEM. When this is done, the markers appear
only at geometry display lines.

Step 6. Create Material Properties
Create a material property for the a

piston:
a. Materials : Create / Isotropic/ Manual
Input
b. Enter steel for the Material Name. d
c. Click on Input Properties…
d. Enter 30E6 and 0.3 for the Elastic
Modulus and Poisson Ratio,
respectively.
e. Click OK.
f. Click Apply.
e
f
Step 7. Create Element Properties
a
Create a 3D element property for
the model:
d
a. Properties : Create / 3D /
Solid d
b. Enter piston for Property
Set Name.
c. Click on Input Properties….
d. Click on the Mat Prop Name
icon, and choose steel from b
Select Material.
e. Click OK.
f. Click on Select Application
Region.
g
g. Click on Select Members and
select Solid 1. c
h
h. Click Add. f
i. Click OK.
j. Click Apply.
e j
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 i

Step 8. Check the Load Cases
Check the load case Default and a

verify that the correct loads and
boundary conditions are being
applied:
b
a. Load Cases : Modify
b. Click on the Default load
case.
c. Check to see that the correct
loads are assigned and click c
Cancel.
c
Step 9. Run the Analysis
a
Send the model to MSC.Nastran
and analyze the model:
a. Analysis : Analyze / c
Entire Model / Full Run
b. Click on Solution
Type….
e
c. Set Solution Type to
Linear Static.
h
d. Click on Solution
Parameters….
e. Click on Results Output
Format… .
f. Set Results Output
f
Format to XDB and
Print.
d
g. Click OK.
h. Click OK. b g
i. Click OK.
j. Click Apply.
i
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 j

Step 10. Read the Results
a
Read in the results file into Patran by
attaching the XDB file:
a. Analysis : Access Results /
Attach XDB / Result Entities c
b. Click on Select Results
File….
c. Select piston.xdb and click
OK.
d. Click Apply.
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 d

Step 10. Read the Results (Cont.)
d
Plot both, the deformation and the
stress tensor using quick plot:
b
a. Click on the Plot/Erase icon.
b. Click on Erase under
Geometry.
c. Click OK.
d. Results : Create / Quick Plot c
e. Select Stress Tensor and
Displacements,
Translational from Select e
Fringe Result and
Select Deformation Result,
respectively. f
f. Make sure that the Quantity is
set to von Mises.
g. Click Apply.
e
PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 g

Modify the deformation attributes:
a. Click on the Deform Attributes icon. a

b. Uncheck Show Undeformed and Show Title.
c. Click Apply.
d. Click on the Plot/Erase icon.
e. Click on Erase under
Geometry.
f. Click OK.
e
b
f c
Modify the fringe attributes:

a. Click on the Fringe Attributes a
icon.
b. Set Display to Element Edges.
c. Uncheck Show Title.
d. Click Apply.
d
Illustrated here is the complete model

deformation and stress fringe plot.


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WORKSHOP 1

PISTON HEAD ANALYSIS

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

Create a new database called

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

Create a finite element mesh a

Select the application b

Create a pressure that will be a

Select the application region

It may not seem as though the pressure load is applied uniformly

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

Create a material property for the a

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 i

Check the load case Default and a

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 j

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 d

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008 g

Modify the deformation attributes:

a. Click on the Deform Attributes icon. a

Modify the fringe attributes:

Illustrated here is the complete model

PAT301, Workshop 1, September 2008

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