SAFETY

NAMES OF GROUP MEMBERS: CANDICE MANNING

DAMANI LEWIN
KIM
KANU
DATE PRESENTED:

TEACHER: MS. BROWN

GRADE:
 SAFETY PRACTICES IN THE
WORKPLACE
Create a plan to control workplace hazards.
• As an employer, you must identify hazards in your workplace and
take steps to eliminate or minimize them. Develop a safety plan.
Tell your employees what you will do to ensure their safety and
what you expect from them. Make sure your employees have
access to a first aid kit.

• Hazards can include: a cleaner working with heavy duty cleaning

products, a mechanic working with large machinery or a
warehouse manager stacking heavy boxes
Inspect your workplace

• Regularly check all equipment and tools to

ensure that they are well maintained and safe
to use. Also check storage areas and review
safe work procedures. Are boxes in your
storage area stacked in a safe manner? Are
your employees instructed how to lift heavy
goods without injuring themselves? Do your
employees know where the fire exit is and
where they should gather if there is a fire?
Train your employees.
• Proper training is necessary for all employees,
especially if there is a risk for potential injury
associated with a job. Provide written instructions
and safe work procedures so they can check for
themselves if they are unsure of a task or have
forgotten part of their training. Supervise your
employees to ensure that they are using their
training to perform their job properly and safely.
By not providing the correct training for your
employees you are not only endangering the safety
of your employees but you will be held liable for
the incident which could have serious consequences.
Talk regularly with your employees.

• Meet regularly with your staff and discuss health and safety
issues. Encourage them to share their ideas and thoughts on
how to improve safety in the workplace. You might even
consider providing first aid training for staff so they are
prepared to deal with emergency situations.

Investigate incidents.

• Even if an incident does not result in a serious injury, conduct

an incident investigation to help determine why an incident
happened so you can take steps to ensure that it will not recur.
 Maintain records.
• Keep records of all first aid treatment, inspections, incident
investigations, and training activities. This information can help you
identify trends in unsafe conditions or work procedures. You can
find a Health and Safety Log Book on the Work Safe BC website
which includes easy-to-use checklists and blank forms.

Make safety a key part of your business.

• Safety shouldn’t be an after-thought; it’s just as important to a

successful business as customer service, inventory control, and
financial planning. A commitment to health and safety makes good
business sense because it’s the one way to protect your greatest
resource — your people.
EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES

Safety First in Work place. In a typical workplace, unbiased health and

safety management also covers the employers, just as it covers the
employees. Employers are required to provide safe workplace to its
constituents while employees are expected to adhere to the rules and
regulations brought about and introduced during work orientation. This is
usually discussed by a Compensation and Benefits Specialist or anybody
from the Human Resource Group. There’s supposed to be a designated
health and safety manager assigned to handle relevant issues concerning
the workplace conditions as explained in workplace safety certification.
These guidelines and standard information are available for perusal
anytime through the conformance of Occupational Safety & Health
Administration. On top of these, employers are also expected to perform
the following:
• Keep the employees informed of the hazards likely to
occur in the workplace during health and safety jobs
training, precautionary labels, emergency alarms, color
codes, chemical information sheets, and similar stuff.
• Bookkeeping and safeguard of medical records related
to injuries and illnesses in case an incident affecting an
employee happens in the work area where medical
history of the patient will immediately become a need.
• Run battery of tests in the workplace ensuring everything
in the workplace is safe for workers as mandated by the
OSHA standards and other health authorities in case
there may arise issues about the work area environment
being a risk to the workforce.
• Perform exams and other medical screening procedures to ensure maximum
health of all employees which can be detrimental if there are illnesses left
unchecked and can likely harm the majority.
• Update bulletins of citations, injuries and illness records, and a poster of OSHA
in the company’s visible walls where the majority, if not all of the employees will
have the capability to read and review.
• Immediately inform OSHA in the first 8 hours in case a workplace accident
happens, when there is death, or when there are three or more employees sent
to hospitals for emergency as decided by the company resident doctor or nurse.
• Avoid retaliation or discrimination of employees in case they attempt or they
actually use their right against the company which is likely within or under the
discretion of the health and safety manager.
The above closures the discussion as to what exactly are the employer’s
responsibility in keeping and maintaining occupational health and safety jobs
while employees are within the work areas. On the other hand, employees have
equally similar responsibilities in adhering to workplace healthy and safety
guidance, as well as in performing the expected activities to follow in cases of
emergency, dangerous occasions, and hazardous times. Below are the OSHA-
approved responsibilities for employees:

As a worker, you should report work-related cases resulting in injury and

illnesses in case your employer fails or declines to do so. The process has it that
workers can inform OSHA anytime in case something hazardous happened in the
workplace.

In case of punishment or discrimination from the employer, it is the employee’s

responsibility to immediately inform OSHA so necessary sanction will be imposed
of after the issue is accordingly dealt with.
It is an employee’s responsibility to assess working conditions as to whether the
workplace is unsafe and unhealthy or otherwise, so necessary actions can be
performed by OSHA in order to protect the safety and the common good of the
majority.

The employee has the responsibility of confirming whether the company he or she
is engaged with have ever been inspected by OSHA, and if it isn’t, he or she can
ask how likely can it be done in order to promote workplace health and safety.

An employee has the responsibility to know Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)

Code of the company so as to eventually learn and understand the most common
industry hazard cited so far.

Both the employer and the employees are supposed to understand every aspect
of their workplace rights and its corresponding responsibilities in order to avoid
possible workplace bullying or discrimination. At the same time, knowing these
things will inhibit both parties to take advantage of unlikable incidents or ignore
events that requires immediate attention. At the end of the day, OSHA is just after
the health and safety of everyone making a worker-friendly environment possible
not only for the company owners, but also for the workforce.
 HAZARDS
What are hazards?
• A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat
to life, health, property, or environment. Hazards
can be dormant or potential, with only a theoretical
risk of harm; however, once a hazard becomes
"active", it can create an emergency. A hazardous
situation that has come to pass is called an incident.
Hazard and possibility interact together to create
risk.
 Types-Hazards are generally labeled as one of
five types
• Physical hazards are conditions or situations that can cause the body physical harm
or intense stress. Physical hazards can be both natural and human made elements.
• Chemical hazards are substances that can cause harm or damage to the body,
property or the environment. Chemical hazards can be both natural or human
made origin.
• Biological hazards are biological agents that can cause harm to the human body.
Some biological agents can be viruses, parasites, bacteria, food, fungi, and foreign
toxins.
• Psychological hazards are created during work related stress or a stressful
environment. A person can be a hazard when he/she is affected psychological
disturbance through -stress, shift patterns and also can be a hazard when a person
is under the influence of alcohol, illness and lack of training.
• Ergonomic Hazard By its nature, a hazard involves something that could potentially
be harmful to a person's life, health, property, or the environment. One key concept
in identifying a hazard is the presence of stored energy that, when released, can
cause damage. Stored energy can occur in many forms: chemical, mechanical,
thermal, radioactive, electrical, etc. Another class of hazard does not involve
release of stored energy, rather it involves the presence of hazardous situations.
Examples include confined or limited egress spaces, oxygen-depleted atmospheres,
awkward positions, repetitive motions, low-hanging or protruding objects, etc.
PPE

• Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective

clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or
equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from
injury or infection. The hazards addressed by protective
equipment include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals,
biohazards, and airborne particulate matter.
MANUAL HANDLING OPERATIONS
• These regulations were developed to help your organization reduce the
number of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), associated with Manual
Handling, which is the most commonly reported type of work-related ill
health. Every organization has potentially harmful manual handling tasks
and our manual handling statistics info graphic illustrates why manual
handling plays such a central role in occupational safety.
• These regulations demonstrate a hierarchy of measures that will help you
manage your manual handling risks.
• The ranking system for this hierarchy is listed below:
• First – You must avoid the harmful manual handling operations, so far as
it is reasonably practicable
• Second – Assess the manual handling operations that cannot be avoided
• Third – Reduce the risk of injury so far as it is reasonably practicable.
SAFETY SIGNS, SYMBOL AND COLORS
• The use of symbols and graphical images is a simple safety system used to
convey safety messages at a glance.
• Colors and symbols appropriately used can provide ever-present information
and warnings of hazards which are essential to safety at work, and in some
instances may be independent of language
• The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996 require
employers to provide and maintain safety signs where there is significant risk to
health and safety that has not been avoided or controlled by other means (e.g.
safe systems of work) provided that the use of a sign can help reduce the risk.
All workplaces and activities where people are employed are covered (with
exceptions relating to the transport and supply & marketing of dangerous
substances, products and equipment). They also require, where necessary, the use
of road traffic signs in workplaces to regulate road traffic. Employers must also
ensure that all employees receive appropriate information, instruction and
training regarding safety signs. Although most signs are self-explanatory, some
employees (particularly young or new workers) may be unfamiliar with the signs
used.
FIRE ON A HOLE
(CLASSES, EXTINGUISH)

• Class A: SOLIDS such as paper, wood, plastic etc.

• Class B: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS such as paraffin, petrol, oil etc.
• Class C: FLAMMABLE GASES such as propane, butane,
methane etc.
• Class D: METALS such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium etc.
• Class E: Fires involving ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
• Class F: Cooking OIL & FAT etc.
 Types of fire extinguisher
• 9L water fire extinguisher Water Fire Extinguishers:
• The cheapest and most widely used fire extinguishers. Used for Class A fires. Not suitable for
Class B (Liquid) fires, or where electricity is involved.
• AFFF foam fire extinguishers Foam Fire Extinguishers:
• More expensive than water, but more versatile. Used for Classes A & B fires. Foam spray
extinguishers are not recommended for fires involving electricity, but are safer than water if
inadvertently sprayed onto live electrical apparatus.
• Dry Powder fire extinguishers Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers:
• Often termed the ‘multi-purpose’ extinguisher, as it can be used on classes A, B & C fires. Best
for running liquid fires (Class B). Will efficiently extinguish Class C gas fires, BUT BEWARE, IT
CAN BE DANGEROUS TO EXTINGUISH A GAS FIRE WITHOUT FIRST ISOLATING THE GAS
SUPPLY. Special powders are available for class D metal fires.
• Warning: when used indoors, powder can obscure vision or damage goods and machinery. It is
also very messy.
• CO2 fire extinguishers CO2 Fire Extinguishers:
• Carbon Dioxide is ideal for fires involving electrical apparatus, and will also extinguish class B
liquid fires, but has NO POST FIRE SECURITY and the fire could re-ignite.
• Wet chemical
• Specialist extinguisher for class F fires.
• For Metal Fires: A specialist fire extinguisher for use on Class D fires - metal fires such as
sodium, lithium, manganese and aluminum when in the form of sward or turnings.