INTERPRETASI SEISMIK

Prihadi Sumintadireja 12 Oktober 2011

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 INTERPRETASI SEISMIK

• MEMPERTIMBANGKAN KEDUDUKAN TEKTONIK

• MENGIDENTIFIKASI ADANYA SESAR
• MENGIDENTIFIKASI HORISON KUNCI
• MENARIK GARIS HORISON KUNCI
• MEMBUAT KONTUR

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 SEISMIC FACIES ANALYSIS

PARAMETERS GEOLOGIC INTERPRETATION

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT STRATIFICATION PATTERNS

DEPOSITIONAL PROCESS
EROSION AND PALEOTOPOGRAPHY

REFLECTION CONTINUITY BEDDING CONTINUITY

DEPOSITIONAL PROCESS

REFLECTION AMPLITUDE VELOCITY-DENSITY

BED SPACING
FLUID CONTENT

EXTERNAL FORM AND AREAL GROSS DEPOSITIONAL

ASSOCIATION ENVIRONMENT
SEDIMENT SOURCE
GEOLOGIC SETTING

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 MAPPING SEISMIC FACIES

Seismic facies of a sequence can be mapped by plotting the

external and internal relationships of the reflectors.
This produces an ABC map, derived from the following
convention :

Above – Below
Internal Configuration

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 PRIHADI SA / 2005
SEISMIC FACIES MAPPING

Seismic facies work map using notation : A B

C
Open arrows indicate the direction of downlap, solid
arrows indicate the direction of onlap.
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 ABOVE BELOW

. Erosional truncation (Te) . Downlap (Dn)

. Toplap (Tp) . Onlap (On)
. Concordance ( C ) . Concordance ( C )

WITHIN

. Parallel (P) . Prograding Clinoforms

. Subparalell (SP) . Sigmoid ( S )
. Divergent ( D ) . Oblique ( O )
. Chaotic ( C ) . Complex Sigmoid oblique (SO)
. Reflected-free (RF) . Shingled (Sh)
. Mounded (M) . Hummocky Clinoform (HC)

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 In addition, the external form of a sequence or facies is noted :

. Sheet
. Lens
. Sheet Drape
. Mound
. Wedge
. Fill
. Bank

PRIHADI SA / 2005
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 The seismic facies are then interpreted by
integrating the data on the reflection
termination at sequence boundaries, the
reflection configuration within, and the
external form.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Various relationship to depositional sequence boundaries.
From Mitchum et al. (1977).

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 ONLAP REFLECTION

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 ONLAP

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 TOPLAP

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Seismic reflection configuration: parallel, subparalell, and divergent.
From Mitchum et al. (1977)

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Some modifying seismic reflection configurations.
(Mitchum et al., 1977)

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Seismic reflection patterns interpreted as prograding clinoform. (Mitchum et al., 1977)

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 External forms of some seismic facies units.
(Mitchum et al., 1977)
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 Some mounded seismic facies units. (Mitchum et al., 1977).
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 BRIGHT SPOT

FLAT SPOT

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 CHARACTERIZATION OF SEISMIC FACIES

Four basic seismic facies are recognized :

• Parallel and divergent reflection configurations.

• Progradational reflection configuration.
• Mounded and draped reflection configuration.
• Onlap and fill reflection configuration.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 REFLECTION TERMINATION

Terminology proposed by Exxon explorationists for reflection

termination that define unconformable boundaries of a depositional
sequence. (From Vail et al, 1976)
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 Stratigraphic and chronostratigraphic relations of onlap, downlap,
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
toplap, and erosional truncation
 Procedure for constructing
regional chart of cycles of
relative changes of sea level

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 CHANNEL

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Prograding

Carbonate Buildup

0 2 Km.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 0 500 m.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 0 2.5 Km.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Seismic Interpretation Work Flow

 Marker and horizon picking.

• Well seismic tie.
• Horizon picking.

 Stratigraphic and structural analysis.

• Define reflection packages.

• Sequence recognition.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 WELL-SEISMIC TIE

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 Seismic picking did using seismic stratigraphic concept,
beginning by sequence or unconformity recognition seen clearly
on seismic volume.

Unconformity is key point for picking.

Better interpretation is enhanced by applying attribute analysis

of instantaneous phase type such as seismic marker and wiggle
related to geologic features easy identifiable.

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

 A

AREA WIGGLES (A) COMPARED TO INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY (B)

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 A

AREA WIGGLE (A) COMPARED TO INSTANTANEOUS PHASE (B) AS THE BETTER WAY FOR
HORIZON PICKING.
Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi
 HORIZON PICKING CONCEPT

Prihadi 2014, Interpretasi Seismik Geologi

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