1.

Definition of carbohydrate:
• Are carbon compound that contain hydroxyl group.
 Simple carbohydrates: are made of just one or two sugar
molecules.
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides: pairs of monosaccharides
 Complex carbohydrate: starch and glycogen (
polysaccharides)
Amylose
Amylopectin
Dietary fiber
 2. Definition of lipid
 Including : Triglycerides, steroids and phospholipids.
 Fatty acid:
 Building blocks for triglycerides and phospholipids.
 20 fatty acids
 A chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms with a carboxyl group at
the alpha end and a methyl group at the beta end.
 Triglycerides: are three fatty acid connected to a glycerol backbone.
 make up about 95% of lipids found in foods.
 Phospholipid:
Hydrophilic on one end; hydrophobic on the other
 Make up the phospholipid bilayer in the cell
membrane
 Steroid:
• More complex
• Four connecting rings of carbon and hydrogen
• Do not provide energy
• Cholesterol is best known steroid