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Motor Protection Relay
Motor Protection Relay
Motor Protection Relay
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Why we require protection of motors?
• Cost of repair
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The various causes of Motor failure are as below:
• Thermal
• Single phasing
• Earth fault
• Short circuit
• Locked rotor
• Number of hot starts
• Bearing failure
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List of motor Protection –P127
• Thermal protection
• Single phasing protection
• Earth fault protection
• Short circuit protection
• Locked rotor protection
• Number of hot starts protection
• Bearing failure protection
• No load running of motor
• Excessive long start(48)
• Differential protection(87) -P122
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Thermal protection
If a motor runs continuously more than its rated capacity then this
will over heat the winding and insulation. Subsequently deteriorate
the winding insulation resulting in failure of motor. If the voltage is
less than the designed value then also it will over heat the winding
at rated load and fail the motor.
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In addition, We can also connect the temperature probe to the relay,
which will monitor the winding temperature and trip the motor if it
exceeds the specified value.
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Short circuit
• Every electric motor has operating limits. Overshooting these
limits will eventually destroy it and the systems it drives, the
immediate effect being operating shutdown and losses. A short
circuit is a direct contact between two points of different electric
potential:
• The range available for this element is 1 to 6 times of starting
current. Time delay is also available. We normally set at 5 times
of I starting with a time delay.
Single Phasing Element or Unbalance
• This element will operate, if there is an unbalance in current of
three phases. It is also called as unbalance protection. The
element is set for 1/4th of starting current. If it tripped during
starting, then the parameter will changed to 1/3 of starting
current.
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• Earth Fault Protection
Measured :
For LT motors, the common method is to use a Core-Balance CT
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• Derived :
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Locked rotor protection
• This is also why some larger motors have a limit on the number of
attempted motor starts before a cooling off period is required.
However, stall conditions can occur during normal operation. For
example, mechanical faults such as a seized bearing, heavy loading
or some type of foreign object caught in a pump could be possible
causes of motor stalling.
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• The range available for this element is 1 to 5 times of full load
current. Time delay is also available. We normally set at 2 times of
FLC. The time delay will be more than the starting time of the motor.
"Starting time means the time require by the motor to reach its full
speed.“
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No load running of motor
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Differential protection(87) -P122
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Available modes in M/s Areva Make
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