Construction Sector Transparency:

a Tool for Delivering Better Value for Public Infrastructure

Akhmad Suraji

Ketua PII Wilayah DIY & Pengajar KK MKI Universitas Andalas, MTSB UGM dan MTS UII
Peserta International Workshop on CoST Bangkok 16 -17 Februari 2017
 POKOK BAHASAN
1. Apa itu CoST?
2. Apa saja komponen dari CoST?
3. Bagaimana CoST dilakukan?
4. Apa manfaat?
5. Apa rekomendasi?
 Construction Sector Transparency (CoST)

• CoST adalah suatu metodologi melakukan

transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam
penyelenggaraan infrastruktur publik yang
melibatkan pemerintah, pelaku industri
konstruksi dan komunitas,
• CoST dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi
mismanajemen, inefisiensi, korupsi dan
risiko yang diterima publik dari
infrastruktur yang buruk,
KOMPONEN CoST

Data
Disclosure

Multi
Assurance
Stakeholder
Process
Group
CoST Disclosure
CoST increases transparency on public
infrastructure projects
CoST IDS
Disclosure is the publication of information on
public infrastructure projects into the public
CoST’s Infrastructure Data
domain Standard (IDS) supports
disclosure
Procuring Entities are responsible for disclosure 40 data points
Covers full project cycle
CoST IDS should be disclosed proactively
More information can be disclosed reactively

@CoSTransparency #ASEANCoST
CoST Infrastructure Data Standard
Table 1: Project and Contract Data for proactive disclosure
Contract
Project phase Project data Contract data
phase
Last updated Procurement Procuring entity
Procuring entity contact
Project Project reference number
details
Identification Project owner
Procurement process
Sector, subsector
Contract type
Project name
Contract status (current)
Project Location
Number of firms tendering
Purpose
Cost estimate
Project description
Contract administration entity
Project Project Scope (main output)
Contract title
Preparation Environmental impact
Contract firm(s)
Land and settlement impact
Contract price
Contact details
Contract scope of work
Funding sources
Contract start date and
Project Budget
duration
Project budget approval date
Project Project status (current) Implementation Variation to contract price
Completion Completion cost (projected) Escalation of contract price
Completion date (projected) Variation to contract duration
Scope at completion (projected) Variation to contract scope
Reasons for project changes Reasons for price changes
Reference to audit and Reasons for scope and
evaluation reports duration changes
Table 2: Project and Contract Information for disclosure upon request

Project information Contract information

Identification and Preparation Procurement
Multi-year programme & Budget Contract officials and roles
Project brief or Feasibility study Procurement method
Environmental and social impact assessment Tender documents
Resettlement and compensation plan Tender evaluation results
Project officials and roles Project design report
Financial agreement Contract
Procurement plan Contract agreement and conditions
Project approval decision Registration and ownership of firms
Specifications and drawings
Completion Implementation
Implementation progress reports List of variations, changes, amendments
Budget amendment decision List of escalation approvals
Project completion report Quality assurance reports
Project evaluation report Disbursement records or payment certificates
Technical audit reports Contract amendments
Financial audit reports
 CoST Assurance
Assurance is the independent review of the
disclosed data

Check Check Identify Translate into Review

compliance accuracy concerns plain language further

@CoSTransparency #ASEANCoST
CoST Core Features:
Multi-Stakeholder Working (MSW)
Governments alone cannot address
all challenges
Civil society Government Industry
CoST enables MSW through the
Multi-Stakeholder Group (MSG) MSG operates on a
voluntary basis

An MSG devises a CoST programme’s strategy. Functions include:

Disclosure Communications Management, oversight
Assurance Advocacy Financial management
Lesson sharing

@CoSTransparency #ASEANCoST

Benefits of Multi-Stakeholder Working

Legitimacy
Dialogue Knowledge
and Trust
 Multi-Stakeholder Working
Risks
Risk Strategy
Limits to
• Vetting process to ensure right stakeholders invited to participate
voluntary
• Control mechanisms to minimise poor performance
input
Elite capture
• Scoping Study to identify all relevant stakeholders
• Regular technical assistance/capacity building workshops to MSGs

Personal risk
• Partnerships with international institutions in-country (e.g. multilateral and
bilateral agencies/embassies) to provide ‘political cover’

@CoSTransparency #ASEANCoST

Multi-Stakeholder Working
Characteristics of Successful MSGs

High-level Mid-level government Civil society

political will expertise interest

Empowerment Usage of strategic Good fit with existing public

and capacity opportunity points interest constituencies
 15 NEGARA MENERAPKAN CoST

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In the pipeline Guatemala, Honduras, Malawi
and Ukraine to publish

for 2016… Ukraine to begin disclosure on

Assurance Reports

“Kiev to Kharkov” Road

Thailand to begin assurance on

Ethiopia to include disclosure as
a requirement of Government Suvarnabhumi Airport Project
Tanzania to complete El Salvador and
audit a scoping study Malawi to establish
Honduras to FDRs
start disclose and Guatemala and Honduras to pilot
assurance on a Transparency Index
PPP projects
 Manfaat CoST Bagi Pemerintah
a. Menunjukan bagaimana dana publik
dibelanjakan,
b. Mengidentifikasi potensial efisiensi,
c. Menjadi bagian dari reformasi dalam
pengelolaan keuangan publik,
d. Meningkatkan kualitas pengadaan
infrastruktur publik,
 Manfaat CoST Bagi Pelaku Usaha
a. Menjamin tingkat lapangan permainan
yang baik,
b. Mengurangi biaya transaksi dan risiko
berusaha,
c. Proses pengadaan yang adil, terbuka dan
persaingan yang sehat,
 Manfaat CoST Bagi Masyarakat
a. Memastikan efektifitas biaya dalam
penyelenggaraan infrastruktur publik,
b. Masyarakat mendapatkan infrastruktur
yang berkualitas, bermanfaat dan
berkelanjutan,
 REKOMENDASI
• LKPP MENYELENGGARAKAN PELATIHAN
CoST UNTUK STAKEHOLDER
• LKPP DAN KEMENTERIAN PUPR MEMBUAT
PILOT PROJECT PENERAPAN CoST
DIDUKUNG OLEH LPJKN