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PHY11 Lesson 8 Fluids at Rest
PHY11 Lesson 8 Fluids at Rest
Fluid Mechanics
Fluids at Rest
FLUID STATICS: Fluids at Rest
dF
p
dA
F
p
A
Equal and opposite
normal forces on both UNIT: 1 pascal = 1 Pa = 1 N/m2
sides of dA
Atmospheric Pressure patm
pA ( p dp ) A W 0
pA ( p dp ) A gAdy 0
p ( p dp ) gdy 0
dp
g as y decreases, p increases.
dy
p2 p1 g y2 y1
Consider y1 as any point below the surface of the fluid and y2
is a point at the surface of the fluid, then the depth is
h y2 y1
p2 p1 g y2 y1
p2 p1 gh
p p0 gh
Example 1
Pascal’s Principle
p1 p2
F1 F2
A1 A2
Example 2
For the hydraulic lift shown in the previous figure, what
must be the ratio of the diameter of the vessel at the car to the
diameter of the vessel where the force F1 is applied so that a
1520-kg car can be lifted with a force of just F1 =125 N?
F1 F2 d 2 2
4
A1 A2 119.17
d12
4
A2 1520(9.8)
A1 125
d2
119.17 10.92
d1
Pressure Gauge: Open Tube Manometer
FB W fluid
Replace the fluid element with a solid body of the same
size and shape.
T
T wVg g mg 0
FB mg
T mg w g
g
15
T (15)(9.8) (1000) (9.8)
19300
T 139 N
mg
(b) T mg (15)(9.8) 147 N
Example 5
the figure
(see
(see figure)
figure).
2.10kg 2.10kg
LIQUID LIQUID 1.91x10 3 kg
V 1.10 x10 3 m 3 m3
1.10kg
WATER 1000 m kg
3
V
1.10kg 3
V 1.10 x10 m 3
1000 mkg3