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Optical Absorption in Bulk Crystalline Silicon As Well As in The Crystal Surfaces
Optical Absorption in Bulk Crystalline Silicon As Well As in The Crystal Surfaces
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 2
Motivation – Einstein Telescope (ET)
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 3
Motivation – ET Low Frequency Interferometer
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 4
Properties of crystalline silicon
Source: http://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/2010/10/20/global-foundries-gtc-2010/4
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 6
Properties of crystalline silicon
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 7
Properties of crystalline silicon
?
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 8
Properties of crystalline silicon
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 9
Properties of crystalline silicon
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 10
Optical absorption measurements
at the AEI Hannover
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 11
Photo-thermal self-phase modulation
Lcavity
substrate
Lcavity
Thermal effect
increases with
• Increasing Dr. Jessica
power Steinlechner
• Decreasing
scan frequency
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 12
Photo-thermal self-phase modulation
When the substrate is placed in an optical cavity and the cavity length is
scanned, this thermal expansion affects the detected cavity resonance peaks
in a different way for an increase and a decrease of the cavity length.
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 13
Photo-thermal self-phase modulation
Advantages
Suitable to measure absorption in bulk and coatings
Drawbacks
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 14
More about the method
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 15
Silicon absorption at 1550 nm
-
measurement at a fixed optical power
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 16
Measurement setup
Monolithic Si cavity
Length 65mm, diameter 100 mm.
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 17
Measurement results are …
Measurement Number
Result of a single Measurement Mean value + error bar
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 18
… much higher than expected
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 19
Measurements by the LMA group
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 20
Silicon absorption at 1550 nm
-
power-dependent measurements
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 21
Facts about the measurement
Impedance-mismatch measurement
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 22
Results
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 23
Discussion
II) Our results are still much higher than the for other groups
Main differences:
- material purities (difference not too large)
- measurement approach. Our approach is sensitive to absorption in
both the bulk crystal and the surfaces.
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 24
Possible reason
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 25
Possible implications
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 26
Outlook
Planned measurements:
- Analysis of samples of different length
- Analysis of samples of different purity, Czochralski and Float Zone
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 27
Conclusions
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 28
Discussion II
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 29
Absorption measurement approaches
Power-Measurement
• Power detection before and behind
substrate (photo diode, power
meter,…)
• Simplest absorption measurement
method
• Not very sensitive
Beam-deflection measurement
• Pump beam heats substrate
• Probe beam is deflected by thermal
lens
• Deflection measurement on quadrant
photo diode
• Possible limit: available laser power
Aleksandr Khalaidovski Absorption in bulk crystalline silicon and in the crystal surfaces 30