Conjunctions

SC English
01 Oct., 2007
First, a preposition review…

 Prepositions connect _________ with

_________.
 The object of the preposition is always a
_______ or _________.
 A preposition _______ be part of a
prepositional phrase.
 A prepositional phrase starts with _____
and ends with _________.
????

 Prepositions connect their object with

some other word in the sentence.
 The object of the preposition is always a
noun or pronoun.
 A preposition must be part of a
prepositional phrase.
 A prepositional phrase starts with the
preposition and ends with the object of
the preposition
Practice: Find the preposition
and object(s) of the preposition
 The rocket flew off into space.
 We looked in the window.
 Troy played hard at the football game.
 Mr. Swartos was excited about his
upcoming bear hunt.
Preposition or Adverb?

 You can tell if a word is a preposition by

looking for what the word _____.
 Prepositions will be part of a _______
________ and have an _______.
 Adverbs will modify a _____ and have
no _______.
?????

 You can tell if a word is a preposition by

looking for what the word modifies.
 Prepositions will be part of a
prepositional phrase and have an object.
 Adverbs will modify a verb, adjective, or
another adverb and have no object.
Practice- tell me if the words
below are prepositions or adverbs
 Umpires stand along the baselines.
 We waited for the hot dog vendor to
come along.
 The umpire ran past quickly.
 The ball flew past third base.
????

 Umpires stand along the baselines.

 Preposition
 We waited for the hot dog vendor to
come along.
 Adverb
 The umpire ran past quickly.
 Adverb
 The ball flew past third base.
 Preposition
Conjunctions

 Conjunctions connect words or groups of

words.
 Prepositions connect words, too. How do
you think conjunctions are different than
prepositions?
Conjunctions

 Unlike prepositions, conjunctions don’t

have objects. Rather, they serve as a
way to show a relationship between two
words.
 Example:
 Are you going to Mt. Rushmore or Custer
State Park?
Conjunctions

 There are three types of conjunctions:

 Coordinating conjunctions
 Correlative conjunctions
 Subordinating conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions

 Connect words of the same kind, such as

nouns, pronouns, verbs, prepositional phrases,
or sentences.
 Nouns: My cousin and his wife left yesterday for
Montana.
 Verbs: They printed out directions but forgot to
bring them.
 Prep. Phr.: Put the luggage on the doorstep or in
the garage.
 Sentences: Our family wanted to go to Sturgis but
we decided to go to Fargo instead.
Coordinating conjunctions

 P. 382 in your text

 And
 But
 For
 Nor
 Or
 So
 Yet
Practice

 Find the coordinating conjunction in the

following sentences and tell what is
being connected.
 Bob and Bill are brothers.
 We went to the game, but we didn’t win.
Correlative Conjunctions

 Similar to coordinating conjunctions in

that they connect the same type of
words, but work in pairs.
 List p. 383 in text.
 both…and
 either/neither….or
 not only…..but also
 whether.....or
Correlative Conjunctions

 Examples:
 We have seen both the Missouri River and
the Big Sioux river.
 Either you or I will be the leader on the
trail.
 The sick rhinoceros would neither eat nor
drink.
Practice

 Find the correlative conjunctions in the

sentences below and tell me what is
being connected:
 Either you go or I will.
 Not only my mother but also my sister
played rugby.
Subordinating Conjunctions

 Connect things which are not equal. One is less

important (subordinate) than the other.
 List of common subordinating conjunctions on
p. 384
 Subordinating conjunctions are in sentences
that contain a dependent idea and a main idea.
The dependent idea is connected to the main
idea by the subordinating conjunction
 Subordinating conjunctions always come before
the dependent idea in a sentence.
One more thing…

 The main idea can come at the

beginning or end of a sentence.
 When the dependent idea comes first, it
must be separated from the main idea
with a comma.
Example:

 Because it rained all day, our basement

filled up with water.
 I did the planning after he made
reservations.
Practice

 Find the subordinating conjunction in

each sentence, then find the dependent
and main ideas.
 Since you didn’t play, we lost the game.
 Troy studied hard so that he could get
good grades.
 Since you didn’t play, we lost the game.
 Sub: Since

 Dep: you didn’t play

 Main: we lost the game

 (note the comma)

 Troy studied hard so that he could get good

grades.
 Sub: so that

 Dep: he could get good grades

 Main: Troy studied hard

 (note the lack of a comma)

Assignment:

 Type out a list of each type of

conjunction using your textbook that will
fit on a 3 x 5 index card.
 Attach the lists to note cards
 Exercises 1-3 on pp. 383-385 in your
text.