Factors Affecting Materials

Preparation
1. The curriculum, syllabus and learning competencies
2. Learners’ learning styles, aptitudes, proficiency
3. Pedagogical principles held by the teachers.
4. Societal demands
 Learners
Implementation of
Goals

Educational setting
Syllabus
Construction

Materials,
classroom methods
(lessons, tests)
Contextual Factors
1. Learner factors
2. Setting
What is a syllabus?
• An expression of opinion on the nature of language and learning
• Acts as a guide for both teacher and learner by providing some goals
to be attained

• ‘as its simplest level, a syllabus can be described as a statement of

what is to be learned. It reflects language and linguistic performance
‘
Syllabus Inventory
• Is a list of the content to be covered in the language program much
like a content outline
• Richards and Rogers (1986) presents a useful framework for the
comparison of the language teaching methods which illustrates the
place of syllabus in the program planning.

• The program has 3 levels

Approach
• Refers to the views and beliefs or theories of language and language
learning on which planning is based
Design
• Converts the principles in the first level (approach) into more practical
aspects of syllabus and instructional materials
Procedure
• Refers to the techniques and management of the classroom itself
Types of syllabus (Tarey Reilly)