Psychological

Foundation of
Curriculum
Ivan Pavlov (1894-1936)

 He is the Father of the

Classical Conditioning
Theory, the S-R Theory.

 The key to learning is early

years of life is to train them
what you want them to
become.

 S-R Theory is a foundation

of learning practice called
introduction.
Edward Thorndike
(1874-1949)
 He Champion the
Connectionism Theory.

 He proposed the three law

of learning:
 Law of Readiness
 Law of Exercise
 Law of Effect

 Specific stimulus has

specific response.
Jean Piaget (1916-2002)
 Cognitive Development has
stages from birth to
maturity:

 Sensorimotor stage (0-2)

 Preoperational stage (2-7)
 Concrete Operational stage
(7-11)
 Formal Operations ( 11-
onwards)
Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)
 Cultural transmission and
development:
 Children could, as a result of
their interaction with
society, actually perform
certain cognitive actions
prior to arriving at
developmental stages
 Learning precedes
development
 Sociocultural development
thoery
Howard Gardner
 Gardner’s multiple
intelligences

 Linguistic
 logico-mathematical
 musical, spatial
 bodily/ kenisthetic
 Interpersonal
 intrapersonal,
 naturalistic
Humanistic
Psychology
Gestalt

 Gestalt Theory

 Learning and explained in

terms of “ wholeness” of
the problem.

 Human being do not

respond to isolated stimuli
but to an organization or
pattern stimuli.
Abraham Maslow
(1908- 1970)

 He advanced the Self-

Actualization Theory and
Classic Theory of human
needs.

 He put importance to
human emotion, based on
love and trust.
Carl Rogers (1909- 1970)
 Nondirective and
Therapeutic Learning

 He establish counseling
procedures and methods
for facilitating learning.

 Children's perception,
which highly individualistic,
influence their learning
and behavior in class.
Social Foundations
Curriculum
School and Society

 Society as source of change

 School as agent of change

 Knowledge as an agent of
change
John Dewey (1852- 1952)

 Considered two
fundamental elements:

 School
 Civil society
Alvin Toffler

 Wrote the book future

shock

 Believed that knowledge

should prepare students
for the future.
 Submitted by:

Ronalin Castor BEED 3D