MSW LOGO

COMMANDS

 The simple Logo Drawing Commands move the Turtle forward and backward and
also turn it right or left. The commands and their abbreviations are given below:
 fd – forward
 bk – backward
 rt – right
 lt – left
 cs – clearscreen
 forward 60 or fd 60 means go forward 60 steps
 right 90 or rt 90 means right turn 90 degrees
 left 90 or lt 90 means left turn 90 degrees
 back 60 or bk 60 means go back 60 steps
 clearscreen or cs means erase all drawings.
DRAWING STRAIGHT LINES

The command forward 100 or fd 100 moves the turtle 100 steps
forward:

With the command back 100 or bk 100, you can move the turtle
backwards by 100 steps:
Logo – Controlling the Turtle & Pen
 Logo has a number of other drawing commands, some of which are given below.
 pu – penup
 pd – pendown
 ht – hideturtle
 dt – showturtle
 setpensize
 penup or pu means pick pen up, so you can move turtle without leaving tracks.
 pendown or pd means pick pen down, so you can move the turtle and leave
tracks.
 hideturtle or ht means hide the turtle, so you can admire your drawing.
 showturtle or st means show the turtle, so you can continue your drawing.
 setpensize means it can make the pen larger, easier to see. Default pen size is –[1
1].
ADDITIONAL DRAWING
COMMANDS
 Logo has a number of other additional drawing commands, some of these are
given below.
 home
 cleartext or ct
 label
 setxy
Logo – Repetition
Logo – Randomization
Logo – Recursive Procedures

In a recursive procedure, there will be a recurrence call of the procedure within the
procedure. Let us consider the following code:
to spiral_recur :n
if :n < 1 [stop]
fd :n
rt 20
spiral_recur 0.95 * :n
end
EXAMPLE
Logo – Color
 On Logo's Set menu, we can set the color of three screen elements
 The turtle's pen
 The turtle's fill (like a paint bucket for enclosures)
 The screen background
STEPS
You can make a colored square using the following steps:
 Step 1: Draw the square with side length 40 using the following command.
repeat 4 [fd 40 rt 90]
 Step 2: Pen up using the following command.
pu
 Step 3: Go to a point inside the square. For example, place the turtle at coordinate
(20, 20) using the following command.
setxy 20 20 Logo
 Step 4: Fill the square with the set floodcolor. For example, to set the floodcolor to
blue use the following command.
setfloodcolor [0 0 255]
Try executing the following set of commands –
 cs – To clear the screen.
 home – To bring the turtle at the home place.
 setpensize [5 5] – Setting the pen size.
 setpencolor [255 0 0] – Setting the pen color to red.
 setfloodcolor [0 0 255] – Setting the flood color to blue.
 setscreencolor [0 255 0] – Setting the screen color to green.
 repeat 4 [fd 40 rt 90] – Draw a square with side length 40.
 pu – Pen up.
 setxy 20 20 – Put the turtle at coordinate (20, 20).
 fill – Fill the square with the set floodcolor blue.
 ht – Hide turtle.