Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Accidental Loads
Accidental Loads
BIJZONDERE BELASTINGEN
behandeld
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
Niet in NEN 6702:
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
• Materiaalfactoren
• Voor de bijzondere belastingen moet
in de uiterste grenstoestand worden
gewerkt met een materiaalfactor
m = 1,0
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
Bijzondere combinaties
• Voor de bijzondere belastingen moet
in de uiterste grenstoestand worden
gewerkt met de belastingscombinatie
f;g.Grep + f;a.Fa;rep + n
f;q. iQi;rep
i=1
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
Vragen
• hoe groot mogen de vervormingen
zijn van het bouwwerk?
• mag er iets instorten?
• hoe lang moet het blijven staan?
• moet het bouwwerk nog bruikbaar
zijn?
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
In Japan is een nieuw bouwvoorschrift
uitgegeven voor aardbevingen waarin
2 speciale grenstoestanden worden
beschouwd:
• Live safety
• Damage initiation
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Alamillo Bridge B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Lézardrieux Bridge
1925
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Landmark Tower
Yokohama Japan
1993
296 m
staalconstructie
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Sears Tower
Chicago
1974
443 m
Staalconstructie
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Crumlin Viaduct
Designed by
Brunel (1806-59)
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bijzondere belastingen
• Stootbelastingen op daken
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
STOOTBELASTING OP DAK
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
STOOTBELASTING OP DAK
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
STOOTBELASTING OP DAK
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
AARDBEVINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Cobuw 24 januari 2002
“Langste landtunnel wordt ook
aardbevingsbestendig”
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Normal fault. Scarp near
Beni Rached. 1980 El
Asnam Earthquake
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
• Schaal van Richter
• m = 10log ( amplitude )
• Amplitude in m, geregistreerd op een
Wood-Anderson seismograaf op
100km afstand van het epicentrum
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Bezwijken korte kolommen
M = 6EI / l2
L1 = 0.5 L2
L1
M1 = 4 M 2
L2
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Schoorconstructies
Dissipatie van
Energie in
plastische
dwarskracht-
vervormingen
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Turkije
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
LIQUEFACTION
DOOR TRILLING VAN MET WATER
VERZADIGDE GROND KAN
VOLUMEVERMINDERING OPTREDEN
WAARDOOR
DE WATERSPANNINGEN TOENEMEN
EN DE KORRELDRUK AFNEEMT
STABILITEITSVERLIES
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Liquefaction Turkije 1999
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Tilting of apartment buildings
at Kawagishi-Cho, Niigata
liquefaction of the soil
1964 Niigata EarthquakeBE na gllainsete rNine gd a m
A
500 mm
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Failure of the
reinforced
concrete
supporting
tower of an
elevated
reinforced
concrete water
tank during the
1980 El Asnam
Earthquake
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Imperial Valley
County, California
Collapse of a steel
tank
1979 Imperial Valley
B a lla s t N e d a m
Earthquake
A E n g in e e r in g
KOBE Earthquake
A B a lla s t N e d a m
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Focal mechanism and
source process of the
Kobe earthquake by
Pitarka et al.(1995). The
earthquake consisted of
four subevents, whose
locations and focal
mechanisms are shown at
the top. Recorded (heavy
lines) and synthetic (light
lines) waveforms are
compared at the bottom.
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Hanshin Expressway
Kobe Japan
earthquake
Jan. 17, 1995
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Collapsed section
of the Hanshin
Expressway
Kobe, Japan
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
view of the structure toppled to the north B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Hanshin
Expressway
Kobe Bridge
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Building on north side of pier #110 with heavy damage
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Hanshin Expressway
Kobe Bridge
Horizontale
verschuiving oplegging
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Undamaged reinforced earth wall supporting a
roadway in Ashiya.
Kobe, Japan
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
CONSTRUCTIE VAN
IN DE GROND
VERANKERDE WAND
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Insufficient horizontal reinforcement
Parekh Tower, Shashtri Nagar, Bhuj
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
No lateral load
force transfer
mechanism to the
core,Punjal,
apartments,
Ahmedabad
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
stortnaad
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Joint failure and
collapse of ground
floor columns,
Building: Tera Nam
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Connection failures in precast R/C building
Kukma Primary School Building, Kukma
Village, Bhuj B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
EXPLOSIEBELASTING
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Explosiebelastingen volgens
NEN 6702
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Ca en Cb explosiedrukconstante
Ci is afhankelijk van soort gas
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Voorbeeld aardgas
Ci = .85
Voor oppervlak ontlastopeningen 5%
van totaal oppervlak
Prep = 49.4 kN/m2
Acetyleen
Ci = 3.7
Prep = 138 kN/m2
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
EXPLOSIEBELASTING
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BRAND
A B a lla s t N e d a m
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Isothermen in balkdoorsneden
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Isothermen in balkdoorsnede
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Correctiefactor kb’
voor de druksterkte
van beton als funktie
van de temperatuur
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Correctiefactor
ks voor de
treksterkte van
betonstaal als
funktie van de
temperatuur
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Correctiefactor kp
voor de treksterkte
van voorspanstaal
als funktie van de
temperatuur
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
VLIEGTUIGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELAS
-TINGEN
a x m = F
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
VOERTUIGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Plaatje van barrier
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Botsbelastingen
• Botsbelasting tegen brugdekken
volgens NEN 6723
• Autosnelwegen en autowegen
2000kN
• Overige wegen 1500 kN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN VOERTUIGEN
volgens NEN 6702
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
BOTSBELASTINGEN VOERTUIGEN
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g
Autoroutes du Sud de la
France Le Chavanon - A89
B a lla s t N e d a m
A E n g in e e r in g