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9C605.54 & 55
9C605.54 & 55
9C605.54 & 55
Andhra Pradesh
Name : MAHAMOOD
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Civil Engineering
Institute : GPW, Hindupur
Year/Semester : VI Semester
Subject : Environmental Engineering II
Subject Code : C 605
Topic : Rural Sanitation
Duration : 100 minutes
Sub-topic : Rural sanitation - Biogas plants
Teaching aids : PPT, Animation, photographs
Revised by : G.Appa Rao
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OBJECTIVES
On completion of this Period, you would be able to :
• List the raw materials required for biogas production
• Explain the process of bio gas production
• List the factors affecting bio-gas production
• Explain construction and working types of bio-gas plants
– KVIC Model
– Janata Model
• Advantages and disadvantages of bio-gas plants
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RECAP
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What is Bio-gas ?
• It is the fuel gas produced with the organic waste from
living things
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Why bio-gas ?
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What are the raw materials for bio-gas
production ?
• Common animal dung
• Poultry litter
• Crop wastes
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INTRODUCTION
• Bio-gas :
• Fuel gas produced with the organic waste from living
things
• Bio-gas plant :
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Biogas Plant contd..
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Biogas Plant contd..
gas present in it
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Typical composition of biogas
MATTER %
Methane, CH4 50 - 75
Nitrogen, N2 0 - 10
Hydrogen, H2 0- 1
Hydrogen sulphide,H2S 0- 3
Oxygen, O2 0- 2
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Principles of Biogas Production
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Principles of Biogas Production contd..
1. Hydrolysis
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Principles of Biogas Production contd..
1. Hydrolysis :
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Principles of Biogas Production contd..
facultative bacteria
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Principles of Biogas Production contd..
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Factors affecting biogas production
1. Influent Solids Content
2. Seeding
3. pH
4. Temperature
5. Nutrients
6. Toxic Materials
7. Stirring
8. Quality of raw materials
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
2. Seeding
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
3. pH
• Low pH inhibits the growth of the methanogenic
bacteria and gas generation
• A successful pH range for anaerobic digestion is
6.0 - 8.0
• Efficient digestion occurs at a pH near neutrality
i.e. 7 to 7.2
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
4. Temperature
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
5. Nutrients
nitrogen
50:1
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
6. Toxic Materials
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
7. Stirring
action
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Factors affecting biogas production contd..
increase or decrease
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Types of biogas plants
• First floating dome model (KVIC) biogas plant was
commissioned In India in the year 1962
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Types of biogas plants contd..
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KVIC (Khadi and Village Industry Commission)
Model
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Construction of KVIC model
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Construction of KVIC model contd..
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Working of KVIC model
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Working of KVIC model contd..
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Janata Model
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Construction of Janata model contd..
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Working of Janata model
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Advantages of Biogas plants
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Advantages of Biogas plants contd..
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Disadvantages of Biogas plants
compost or fertilizer
global scale
as required
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SUMMARY
In this period, we have discussed about :
• KVIC Model
• Janata Model
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QUIZ
1. Biogas is
b. Natural gas
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QUIZ contd ..
2. Stages of biogas production
a. Hydrolysis
b. Acid formation
c. Methanogenesis
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QUIZ contd ..
3. The first floating dome biogas plant in India
a. Janata model
b. Deenbandhu model
c. Pragathi model
d. KVIC model
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QUIZ contd ..
a) Temperature
b) pH
c) C/N ratio
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Frequently Asked Questions
plants ?
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