Prasetyo catur utomo

Orthotic prosthetic department 2013

 Kondisi Penyebab
1. Genu varum - Laxity of lateral collateral ligament
- Blount’s disease (pertumbuhan yg tidak
normal pada tulang tibia)
- Congenital pseudo arthrosis tibia
- Coxa valga

2. Genu valgum - Laxity of medial collateral ligament

- Coxa vara
 6 to 12 months : Genu varum (bow legs) and medial tibial
torsion are normal in newborn and infants
 18 to 24 months : the lower limbs gradually straighten with a
zero tibiofemoral angle (when the infant begins to stand and
walk).
 3–4 years : knees gradually drift into valgus (knock-knee). an
average lateral tibiofemoral angle of 12 degrees
 7 years Finally the genu valgum spontaneously correct
alignment
 Bowlegs after 2 years of age are considered abnormal
Tibio femoral angle
 Lateral ligament laxity
 Blount’s disease
 Congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia
 Coxa valga
 Lateral ligament laxity
 Blount’s disease

Blount's disease is a growth disorder of

the tibia (shin bone) that causes the lower leg to
angle inward, resembling a bowleg.

Causes
The inner part of the tibia, just below the knee, fails to
develop normally, causing angulations of the bone
Blount’s disease
 Congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia
Pseudoarthrosis : “ununion”
coxa vara < 120-135 < coxa valga
120-135 <120 > 135
<120 120-135
> 135
 coxa vara --- > genu valgum
 coxa valga --- > genu varum
Physiological valgus of the knee

• Femur-tibia 170 – 175o

• Femur – Mechanical axis  6o
• Mechanical axis – vertikal  3o
• Femur – axis transversal  81o
• Axis transversal – tibia  93o
170-175 > 175 < 170
 Coxa valga

angulation at the neck shaft

level
 Coxa vara

coxa vara < 120-135 < coxa valga