CHAPTER 1

Functions, Graphs,
and Limits

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Figure 1.1 Interpretations of the function f(x).

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Figure 1.2 The composition f(g(x)) as an
assembly line.

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Figure 1.3 (a) A production function.
(b) Bounded population growth.

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Figure 1.4 (a) The graph of y = x2. (b) Other graphs
through the points in Example 2.1.

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 2 x 0  x  1
2 
Figure 1.5 The graph of f(x) = x 1  x  4
 
3 x  4. 

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Figure 1.6 The graph of f(x) = –x2 + x + 2.

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Figure 1.7 The graph of the function
y = x3 – x2 – 6x.

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Figure 1.8 The graph of the parabola y = Ax2 + Bx + C. (a) If A >
0, the parabola opens up.
(b) If A < 0, the parabola opens down.

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 Figure 1.9 A revenue function.

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Figure 1.10 The graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x) intersect at
P and Q.

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Figure 1.11 The intersection of the graphs of
f(x) = 3x + 2 and g(x) = x2.

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Figure 1.12 Three polynomials of degree 3.

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Figure 1.13 Graphs of three rational functions.

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 Figure 1.14 The vertical line test.

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Figure 1.15 The cost function C(x) = 50x + 200.

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 y 2  y1 y
Figure 1.16 Slope   .
x 2  x1 x

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Figure 1.17 The line joining (–2, 5) and (3, –1).

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Figure 1.18 The direction and steepness of a line.

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Figure 1.19 Horizontal and vertical lines.

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Figure 1.20 The slope and y intercept of the line
y = mx + b.

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 Figure 1.21 The line 3y + 2x = 6.

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Figure 1.22 The line y  1 x  3 .
2 2

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Figure 1.23 The line y = –4x + 10.

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Figure 1.24 The rising price of bread: y = 2x + 136.

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Figure 1.25 Growth of federal civilian employment in the
United States (1950–1989).

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 Figure 1.26

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Figure 1.27 Lines parallel and perpendicular
to a given line L.

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Figure 1.28 Rectangular picnic area.

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Figure 1.29 The length of fencing: F ( x )  x  10 ,000 .
x

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Figure 1.30 Cylindrical can for Example 4.2.

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Figure 1.31 The cost function: C( r )  6 r 2  96  .
r

r C(r)
0.5 608

1.0 320

1.5 243

2.0 226

2.5 238
3.0 270

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Figure 1.32 The cost of water in Marin County.

x C(x)
0 0

12 14.64

24 134.64

30 434.64

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Figure 1.33 The rate of bounded population growth: R(p) =
kp(b – p).

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 Figure 1.34 The profit function
P(x) = (6,000 – 400x)(x – 2).

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Figure 1.35 Market equilibrium: the intersection of supply
and demand.

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Figure 1.36 The supply and demand curves
for Example 4.6.

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 Figure 1.37 Geometric interpretation of the limit.

(a) If lim f ( x ) the

L, height of (b) Geometric interpretation of the
x c
the graph of f approaches L as limit statement
2
x approaches c. x  x  2
lim  3
x 1 x  1

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Figure 1.38 Three functions for which lim f ( x )  L.
x c

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Figure 1.39 Two functions for which lim f ( x )
x c
does not exist.

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Figure 1.40 Limits of two linear functions.

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Figure 1.41 The graph of f (x )  x  1 .
x 2

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 f (x )  2 x 2
1
Figure 1.42 The graph of .
x  3x  2

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Figure 1.43 Just in time inventory.

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 1  x 2 if x  2
Figure 1.44 The graph of f (x )   .
2 x  1 if x  2

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 Figure 1.45 A continuous graph.

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Figure 1.46 Three functions with discontinuities of x = c.

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Figure 1.47 Functions for Example 6.3.

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Figure 1.48 The graph of f (x )  x  2 .
x 3

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Figure 1.49 The intermediate value property.

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Figure 1.50 The graph of y  x2  x  1  1 .
x 1

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