Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name of faculty : K. Suvarna Latha
Designation : Sr. Lecturer
Branch : Civil Engineering
Institution : J.N.G.P,HYD
year/semester : III Semester
sub topic : Hydraulics
Sub. Code : C304
topic : Flow Through Open Channels
Duration : 50 min.
sub topic : Chezy’s formula in open channels
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations
Revised By : V. Srinivasa Rao, Lecturer, DAGPT,
Ongole
9C304.56 1
Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to

• Derive the chezy’s formula for discharge through open

channels

9C304.56 2
 Recap

In the previous session, you have learnt about

• Hydraulic parameters of rect. & trapezoidal sections

• Uniform flow

• Non Uniform flow

• Flow parameters of open channel

9C304.56 3
 CHEZY’S FORMULA
for Discharge through open Channel

9C304.56 4
1
L

1 W Sinɵ

W Cos ɵ W
2

Datum line

9C304.56 5
• Consider Uniform flow of Water
• As the flow is of uniform Velocity, depth of flow and
area of flow will be constant
• Consider section 1-1 and2-2

9C304.56 6
Let
• L = Length of Channel
• A = Area of flow of water
• i = Slope of the bed
• V = Mean velocity of flow of water
• P = Wetted perimeter of the cross section
• f = Frictional Resistance per unit velocity per unit area

9C304.56 7
The weight of the water between Section 1-1 and 2-2
W = sp. Weight of Water X Volume of Water
=wxAxL
Component of water along direction of flow
= W x Sin i = w A L Sin i

9C304.56 8
Frictional resistance against motion of water
R = f x wetted area x ( Velocity) n
The value of n is found experimentally equal to 2.
Therefore Frictional resistance against motion
= f x P x L V2

9C304.56 9
The forces acting on the water between sections
1-1 and 2-2 are

• Component of weight of water along the direction of flow

• Friction resistance against flow of water

• Pressure force at section 1-1

• Pressure force at section 2-2

9C304.56 10
Resolving all forces in the direction of flow
wAL Sin i – f X P X L X V2 = 0

wAL Sin i = f X P X L X V2

V2 = wAL Sin i
fXPXL

= (w/f) X (A/P) x Sin i

9C304.56 11
A = m then P = 1
P A m

V= (W / f )  m  sin i

Consider w/ f = C Chezy’s Constant

Therefore v  c m sin i
For small values of i, sin i = tan i = i

V  C mi
9C304.56 12
 Discharge Q = Area X Velocity
=AXV

Q  A  C mi

9C304.56 13
Summary

In this session, you have learnt that

• Chezy’s equation is used for computing the discharge

through open channel

• Hydraulic mean depth m= A/P

• Chezy’s Constant C W/ f
V  C mi
9C304.56 14
Quiz
1. In Chezy’s equation “P” means

(a) Pressure exerted

(b) Pump flow
(c) Wetted Perimeter of the cross section
(d) None of the Above

9C304.56 15
Quiz
2. In Chezy’s equation “C” means

a) Critical Pressure
b) Constant
c) Critical Ratio
d) Combined Ratio

9C304.56 16