NFPA13-Fire Sprinkler System

SM DEVELOPMENT CORP.
 National Fire Protection Agency
(NFPA)
 a U.S. organization charged with creating and
maintaining minimum standards and requirements for
fire prevention and suppression activities, training,
and equipment, as well as other life-safety codes and
standards.
 Compost of 6000 volunteers representing the fire
service, insurance, business, industry, government,
and consumers develops these documents.
 Many governments incorporate the standards and
codes developed by the Association into their own law
either verbatim, or with only minor modifications.
 Even when not written into law, the Association's
standards and codes are typically accepted as a
professional standard, and are recognized by many
courts as such.
 Code Vs. Law
 Coding standards are developed by organizations which
have typically charged many hundreds of dollars to
obtain these materials,

 When a code is accepted as law, a situation develops

where people are being held to a standard that they do
not know and cannot access without paying someone
the privilege of knowing what the law is.

 once a code has been accepted as law, the code loses its
copyright protection and becomes public domain
 Sprinkler System
 A fire sprinkler system is an active fire
protection measure, consisting of a
water supply, providing adequate
pressure and flowrate to a water
distribution piping system, onto which
fire sprinklers are connected
 NFPA13 – Standard for the Installation
of Sprinkler systems
Legends/ Symbols
Types of Sprinkler System
 Types of Fire Sprinkler System
 wet pipe sprinkler system
is a sprinkler system employing
automatic sprinkler heads
attached to a piping system
containing water and
connected to a water supply so
that water discharges
immediately from sprinklers
opened by heat from a fire.

 Commonly used system here in

the Philippines
Alarm Check Valve
 Types of Fire Sprinkler System
 dry pipe sprinkler system is
sprinkler system employing
automatic sprinklers that are
attached to a piping system
containing air or nitrogen under
pressure, the release of which
(as from the opening of a
sprinkler) permits the water
pressure to open a valve known
as a dry pipe valve, and the
water then flows into the piping
system and out the opened
sprinklers.

 Dry pipe sprinkler systems are

installed in areas where wet pipe
systems may be inappropriate
such as areas where freezing
temperatures might be Dry pipe valve
expected.
 Types of Fire Sprinkler System
 A deluge system is sprinkler
system employing open
sprinklers that are attached to a
piping system that is connected
to a water supply through a
deluge valve that is opened by Open sprinkler
the operation of a detection
system installed in the same
areas as the sprinklers (ie.
Smoke detector/ heat detector)
When this valve opens, water
flows into the piping system and
discharges from all sprinklers
attached thereto.

 Deluge systems are used where

large quantities of water are
needed quickly to control a fast-
developing fire.
Deluge Valve
 Types of Fire Sprinkler System
 A pre-action sprinkler system
is similar to a deluge sprinkler
system except the sprinklers are
closed. This type system is
typically used in areas containing
high value equipment or
contents and spaces which are
highly sensitive to the effects of
accidental sprinkler water
discharge.
 Activation of a fire detector will
open the pre-action valve,
allowing water to enter the
system piping. Water will not
flow from the sprinklers until
heat activates the operating
element in individual sprinklers.
Deluge Valve
 Types of Fire Sprinkler System
 foam-water sprinkler Concentrate
system is a special system that
is pipe-connected to a source of control Valve
foam concentrate and to a water
supply. The piping system is
connected to the water supply
through a control valve that
usually is actuated by operation
of automatic detection
equipment. When this valve
opens, water flows into the
piping system, foam concentrate
is injected into the water, and
the resulting foam solution
discharging through the
discharge devices generates and
distributes foam.
 Foam-water systems shall be of
the wet pipe, dry pipe, deluge,
or preaction type. Foam Tank
How Fire Sprinkler System
Works
 Sprinkler head

Branchline
 Water supply
Floor Control Valve
LINE  Pressure &
PRESSURE
20
50PSI
PSI Flowrate
Standpipe/Riser

 Motor Controller
Water distribution
 Fire sprinklers
CUT IN:
40 PSI Fire Dept Connection
CUT OUT:
50 PSI
Fire Pump

Water supply/ fire

tank reserve
 BRANCHLINE
SPRINKLER HEADS
CROSSMAIN

FEEDMAIN

FLOOR CONTROL VALVE

RISER
 Water Supply
-must be separate from domestic
water supply
-usually the fire reserve is connected
with the domestic water supply or
other water storage area (ie:
swimming pools)
-volume must be as computed from
the NFPA13 table

Water supply/ fire

tank reserve
 Water Supply
Cistern tank – applicable to low to
medium rise buildings
 Water Supply
Overhead tank – economical for
high rise buildings

Over head fire

tank

Fire Pump

Downfeed

Transfer Pump

Cistern tank
 Fire Pump
 UL/FM approved
 Can be electric
motor or ICE driven

CUT IN:
40 PSI
CUT OUT:
60 PSI

Fire Pump
 Fire Pump
Jockey Pump
A jockey pump is a small pump
CUT IN: connected to a fire sprinkler system
50 PSI
CUT OUT:
and is intended to maintain pressure in
60 PSI a fire protection piping system

CUT IN:
40 PSI Jockey Pump
CUT OUT:
50 PSI Controller

Jockey Pump

Fire Pump
Piping Lay-out
Floor Control
Valve
Floor Control Valve Assembly
Floor Control Valve w/
supervisory switch

Check Valve (optional)

Pressure gauge

Flow Switch

Inspector Test Valve

Sight Glass

Drain Valve
Fire Alarm/ Supervisory system
Flow Switch
 Detects water
flow in system
 Switch is
connected to the
Fire alarm
system. When
flow is detected,
alarm will turn
on (Fire)
Fire Alarm/ Supervisory system
Supervisory Switch  Installed at the Floor
control valve to monitor
if the valve is open or
close. The Floor control
valve is normally open
 Connected to the Fire
Alarm Control Panel.
When valve is closed, it
 ``
will give an alarm (Alert)
 Alternatively, we can use
Valve with built in
supervisory switch
Fire Alarm
System
Smoke Detector

Alarm Bell

Manual Pull Station

Supervisory Switch

Flow Switch
Fire Alarm Control
Panel
 GF FLOWSW GF SMOKE D  Made up of relays (zones)
that receive signals from fire
2F FLOWSW 2F SMOKE D
alerting devices, or give
3F FLOWSW 3F SMOKE D signals to start fire
protection devices. (smoke
4F FLOWSW 4F SMOKE D
evacuation blowers,
GF SUPV. GF PULL STN automatic door closers)

2F SUPV. 2F PULL STN  Equipped with back up

battery
3F SUPV. 3F PULL STN
 Can be programmed to call
4F SUPV 4F PULL STN
automatically the fire
FIRE PUMP JOCKEY PUMP department
 Equipped with a hand set
ACCUMULATION connected to tel. jacks of
12V
MASTER BELL
0V 24V pull stations (intercom)
AREA BELL
BATTERY TEST
AUTO REVERT
50
Piping Schedule
40 40 32 25 25

Steel Piping Schedule

Pipe Size Number of Sprinklers
25 mmØ 2 sprinklers
32 mmØ 3 sprinklers
40 mmØ 5 sprinklers
50 mmØ 10 sprinklers
65 mmØ 20 sprinklers
75 mmØ 40 sprinklers
90 mmØ 65 sprinklers
100 mmØ 100 sprinklers
125 mmØ 160 sprinklers
150 mmØ 275 sprinklers
 Sprinkler Spacing
 Distance between branchlines
and between sprinklers on
branches shall not exceed 4.6
4.6 max meters
Branchlines shall not exceed 8

4.6 max

sprinklers on either side of
A= 18.6m2 max
crossmain
 Protection area per sprinkler
shall not exceed 18.6m2

8 sprinklers max
Sprinkler Head Color Coding
Glass
Plug
Water
Fire
bulb
is raises
ejected
flows
shatters
ambient
through
by water
due to
sprinkler.
thermal
temperature
pressure
expansion
Fire pump
activates

Maximum Ceiling Temperature Temperature Color Code (with

Glass Bulb Color
Temperature Rating Classification Fusible Link)
135-170°F / Orange (135°F) or
100°F / 38°C Ordinary Uncolored or Black
57-77°C Red (155°F)
175-225°F / Yellow (175°F) or
150°F / 66°C Intermediate White
79-107°C Green (200°F)
250-300°F /
225°F / 107°C High Blue Blue
121-149°C
325-375°F /
300°F / 149°C Extra High Red Purple
163-191°C
400-475°F /
375°F / 191°C Very Extra High Green Black
204-246°C
500-575°F /
475°F / 246°C Ultra High Orange Black
260-302°C
625°F / 329°C 650°F / 343°C Ultra High Orange Black
 Other Details
 Testing pressure – 200psi for 2 hours
 Minimum Pressure at sprinkler head :
 Consult manufacturer, between 7 – 20 psi
 Use formula Q=K√p where:
Q = your flow Model Maximum Area of Coverage Minimum Water Discharge &
K = the K factor of the head (should be on the Pressures Needed Per Sprinkler*

material submittal, the plans and the calc sheets)

12' x 12' 11 G.P.M. - 7.2 P.S.I.
GL4110 14' x 14' 12 G.P.M. - 8.6 P.S.I.
p = your pressure 16' x 16' 14 G.P.M. - 11.7 P.S.I.
13 G.P.M. - 7 P.S.I.
12' x 12'

14' x 14' 14 G.P.M. - 8.2 P.S.I.

GL4910
16' x 16' 14 G.P.M. - 8.2 P.S.I.
18' x 18' 18 G.P.M. - 13.5 P.S.I.
20' x 20' 20 G.P.M. - 16.7 P.S.I.
 Where Automatic Sprinkler is
required:
 basement or cellar with an area of 200 square meters or more
which is used for habitation, recreation, dining, study, or work, and
which base an occupant load of more than 20.
 In all dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, workshops or factories, and
other rooms with an occupant load of more than 10, assembly halls
with an occupant load of more than 500, and if the exit doors of
said rooms are more than 30.00 meters (100 feet) from the nearest
safe fire dispersal area of the building or opening to a court or
street.
 In all rooms used as storage or handling of photographic and x-ray
nitrocellulose films and other inflammable articles.
 All business occupancy buildings over 15 meters
 In mercantile occupancies;
 One story buildings over 1,394 square meters
 In buildings over 1 story exceeding 2,394 square meters in area
 232.5 square meters used for sale storage or handling o combustible goods
and merchandise
 The End.
Thank You