LONG FACE

SYNDROME
DEFINITION
A malocclusion characterized by a long,
narrow face; steep mandibular plane
angle; and Class II Division 1
dental/skeletal relationship with anterior
crowding lip incompetence and associated
mouth breathing.
Class II division 1
malocclusion

INCOMPETENT LIPS
STEEP MANDIBULAR PLANE ANGLE
 Typical forward
angulation
of head of a
person with
Long Face
Syndrome with
steep mandibular
angle.
ETIOLOGY
 POSTNATAL CAUSES… INFLUENCE NORMAL DEVELOMENT
OF DENTO-FACIAL COMPLEX

 OBSTRUTION OF AIRWAY due to…

 Enlarged tonsils
 Dysplasia and inflammation of nasal
mucosa
 Uncontrolled allergies
 Narrow nostrils
 Constantly open lips (mouth breathing)
 Adenoid or localised benign tumour
 Narrow palate
CONTD…
 SLEEP APNEA –sleep disorder characterised
by
pauses in breathing during
sleep
 TONGUE THRUST
 THUMB SUCKING.
Gradual development of the syndrome…..

1. 1.IMPAIRED RESPIRATION

2.OPEN MOUTH BREATHING

3.DROOPING OF MANDIBLE

4.EXTRUSION OF MOLARS

5.OPEN BITE

6.INCREASED VERTICAL DIMENSION

7.LONG FACE SYNDROME

OROPHARYNX IN LONG FACE SYNDROME
CAUSING OBSTRUCTION OF AIRWAYS.
ENLARGED TONSILS CAUSING
OBSTRUCTION IN AIRWAY
TONGUE THRUST
ANTERIOR CROWDING DUE TO
THUMB SUCKING
CLINICAL FEATURES
 CLINICAL FEATURES
 Long face
 Gummy smile
 Incompetent lips
 Flattening of cheeks at the base of the nose
making the nose appear larger than normal
 Short upper lip or drooping lower lip
 Any of the clinical features related to the
etiological factors mentioned previously
 Expressionless face due to severely active
facial muscles
GUMMY SMILE
INCOMPETENT LIPS
FLATTENING OF CHEEKS AT THE
BASE OF THE NOSE
SLEEP APNEA AND SHORTER
UPPER LIP
LARGE TONGUE OF THE SAME
PATIENT (CAUSE OF SLEEP APNEA)
DIAGNOSIS BY CEPHALOMETRIC
EXAMINATION….

 Amount of nasopharyngeal space

 Size of adenoids

 Long face associated with breathing

TREATMENT
 TREATMENT

PREVENTIVE

SURGICALAND ORTHODONTIC
CORRECTION
 PREVENTIVE TREATMENT
Includes…
Prevention of various etiological
factors

Application of various
orthodontic appliances for the
same
ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE FOR TONGUE
THRUST AND THUMB SUCKING HABIT
MOUTH BREATHING HABIT

 REMOVALOF NASAL OR PHARYNGEAL

OBSTRUCTION

 INTERCEPTION OF THE HABIT- - adhesive

tapes can be used to seal the lips while
sleeping

 RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION– for expansion of

the pterygoid plates and to increase the
nasal air flow and decrease the nasal air
obstruction.
SURGICAL REMOVAL OF
ENLARGED TONSILS
RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION ALSO
EXPANDS THE PTERYGOID PLATES.
SURGICAL AND ORTHODONTIC
TREATMENT
 Surgical reduction of facial height and proper
alignment of teeth by orthodontic means
 By properly planned and executed Le Fort I
maxillary osteotomies, the vertical dimensions
of the face can be shortened to improve the
esthetic balance between the nose, upper lip,
teeth, and chin and achieve lip competency
  Variable open-bite and nonopen-bite
maxillary deformities in forty adults with the
long face syndrome were corrected by Le Fort
I osteotomy and orthodontic treatment.
LE-FORT 1 OSTEOTOMY
THANK YOU 

-PRESENTED BY
-DISHA NIGHOT
-ROLL NO. 14
