VOICE OVER INTERNET

PROTOCOL
 CONTENTS
 Definition
 Background
 Equipment
 Working
 Setup
 Benefits
 Challenges
 VoIP DEFINITION
• Internet voice or voice over internet protocol
(VoIP) is a technology that allows you to make
telephone calls using an internet connection
instead of a regular (analog) phone
line.
• Some services of VoIP may only allow you to
call other person using same service & other
services may allow you to call to anyone who
has the telephone number including short & long
distance, mobile and international number.
 BACKGROUND OF VoIP
• THE PAST
More than 30 years ago, internet did not exist &
interactive communications were only made on
telephone by PSTN line cost.
• YESTERDAY
Few years ago we saw appearing some interesting
things like PCs to large masses, new technologies to
communicate like cellular phones & the great net i.e.
internet.
• TODAY
Today we can see a real revolution in communication
world: everybody uses PCs & internet for exchanging
data like images, sounds etc.
 EQUIPMENT FOR VoIP

• A broadband i.e. high speed internet

connection is required.
• This can be through a cable modem, or high
speed services such as a local area network.
You can hook up an inexpensive
microphone to your computer and send your
voice through a cable modem or connect a
phone directly to a telephone adaptor.
WORKING OF VoIP
USING COMPUTER
& TELEPHONE
WORKING
OF VOIP

INTERNET
 Working
VoIP converts the voice signal from your
telephone into a digital signal that travels
over the internet then converts it back at the
other end so you can speak to anyone with a
regular phone number.
When placing a VoIP call using a phone
with an adapter, you'll hear a dial tone and
dial just as you always have. VoIP may also
allow you to make a call directly from a
computer using a conventional telephone or
a microphone
 Packetization
In VoIP audio samples are sent over the IP
network to another computer and played
there. Recorded sound sample is
compressed using algorithm
"compressor/de-compressor", or simply
CODEC. Compressed data is placed into
data packets for transmission over the IP
network.
 VOIP SETUP
• Simple communication: IP to IP
A (Sound card) - - B (Sound card)
192.168.1.1 - - - 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.1 calls 192.168.1.2 and vice
versa.
• A and B should have an application like
Microsoft Net meeting, Internet
Switchboard, proper installations &
configurations and network cards.
Using names :-
Under Microsoft Windows a NetBIOS
name can be used instead of an IP
address.
A - - - B
192.168.1.1 - - - 192.168.1.2

John - - - Bush
John calls Bush.
This is possible cause John call request
to Bush is converted to IP calling by
 VoIP in Mobile Phones
Today when mobile phones rule the world
of communication, the word
communication has become too much of an
expensive affair. The cheapest of calling is
still the Pc to pc calling, since it has a VoIP
in it.
 BENEFITS
 Operational cost
 Flexibility
 Operational Cost
VoIP can be a benefit for reducing
communication and infrastructure costs.
 Flexibility
VoIP can facilitate tasks and provide
services that may be more difficult to
implement using the PSTN.
ADVANTAGES OVER PSTN

• DATA EXCHANGE(IMAGE,SOUND ETC)

•MONEY INDEPENDENT

•CAN TALK TO MANY PEOPLE AT THE

SAME TIME.
 CHALLENGES
 Lack of redundancy
 Number portability
 Emergency calls
 Susceptibility to power failure
 Quality of Service
 “VoIP HAS BEEN GAINING
MOMENTUM IN THE
INDUSTRY OVER THE PAST
FEW YEARS ”

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!

 GLOSSARY USED
•PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network
•VOIP: Voice over Internet Protocol
•LAN: Local Area Network
•WAN: Wide Area Network
•TOS: Type of Service
•ISP: Internet Service Provider
•RTP: Real Time Protocol
•RSVP: Reservation Protocol
•QOS: Quality of Service