CRITICAL APPRAISAL

ABSTRACT, INTRODUCTION, RESEARCH DESIGN

GROUP B : PREVALENCE OF ANDROPAUSAL SYMPTOMS AMONG KUWAITI

MALES
 TITLE
Main issue : (mentioned)

Prevalence of Andraupasal Symptoms Among Kuwaiti

Males
Study population : (mentioned)
Study design : Cross-sectional
(mentioned)
Study area : not mention clearly (Kuwait)
 AUTHOR

• Al-Sejari Maha
• Address and e-mail of corresponding author are mentioned

Al-Sejari Maha
Department of Sociology and Social Work, College of Social
Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait 71962, Kuwait
Email : huna1973@hotmail.com
 ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Andropause is a syndrome that usually occurs during men's

midlife. It is associated with clinical short-term and long term
OBJECTIVE effects, as well
To identify
The results the as some
indicate
factors
thatphysiological
that
Kuwaiti men and
significantlywho psychological
contribute
were 40totothe
49 years
symptoms
prevelance
old reported due to subnormal
offewer
symptoms thatlevels
symptoms than of
maybe didtestosterone
related
Kuwaiti
to men hormone.
androgen
50 years
METHODS & deficiency.
and older, used
The study including deteriorationstructured
a cross-sectional in their ability to play sports,
questionnaire
MATERIALS easily falling asleep
and a sample of 214after dinner,
Kuwaiti menanger,
aged 40hotyears
flushes
and(polder
<0.05),
Kuwaiti men aged 50 years and older reported experiencing
RESULTS decrease in musclestudy
This is preliminary strength,
that decrease
reports thein sport performance,
prevalence of aging
sweating,
male symptomsloss ofamong
height,Kuwaiti
decreased
men.libido, as well as
The findings falling
will offer
CONCLUSION asleep after
insight dinner. health care provisions to educate, treat
into necessary
and provide information related to andropause for the general
KEYWORDS : Andropause,
publicsymptoms, Kuwaiti men, testosterone, aging
 INTRODUCTION
• Problem statement and background
• Objective of study
Rationale: is becoming a global health concernMentioned
Andropause
Objective: as the world's
and Stated
population
to
Theexamine
findings
• Rationale of
some
provide
aging
of study sociocultural
males,
insightincreases.
into
and
health
anthropometric
About
carethird
provisions
offactors
mentoineducate,
that
their 60s
and more
significantly
treat and provide
than
affect
80%information
the
of prevalence
men aged related
80
of or
a to
number
older
andropause
experience
of symptoms
for general
physical
possibly
public
and
• References to-androgen
psychological
related quoted
changesdeficiency
referred among
to as “the
Kuwaiti
andropause
men at midlife
syndrome”
(Adebajo et al.,2007)
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
STUDY DESIGN
• Cross sectional study (Mentioned)
STUDY PERIOD
• in 2011 (mentioned but did not mention recall period)
STUDY AREA
• Kuwait (mentioned, but not specific)
SAMPLING METHOD
• non-probability, convenience sampling (mentioned)
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
SAMPLE SIZE
• 214 healthy men between the ages of 40 and 70 agreed to participate in this
study (mentioned)
• sample size calculation is not mentioned

RESEARCH TOOLS
• Structured questionnaire of 34 questions including Saint Louis University's
“Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male” (ADAM) scale
• translated to Arabic
• close-ended questionnaire
 ETHICS STATEMENT

• verbal approval was obtained from the 300 healthy Kuwaiti

men between the ages of 40 and 70
• out of 300, 214 men agreed to participate in the study.
 DATA ANALYSIS
Data were analyzed using SPSS (SPSS Inc; Chicago, IL) for Windows version
13.0.1. T-test, Pearson's chi-square test, simple logistic regression and
correlation analyses were used to examine differences between groups and to
find significant correlations among any demographic factors (age, BMI,
educational level, occupation and marital status) and androgen deficiency (the
total account of the andropausal symptoms)

Statistical approach Justification of test chosen

Level of significance : not mentioned