Upendra Yadav

Asst. Professor
Department of pediatric, Nursing , College of Nursing
B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan. Nepal
Email; upendrayadav2001@yahoo.com
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 Reading Objectives
The student will be able to;

1. Understand the meaning of Leader.

2. Define leadership.
3. Explain the types of leadership.
4. List the Techniques of Effective
Leadership.
5. List the Qualities of effective leaders.
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 Meaning of Leadership
The conventional view of leadership says
that leaders are those people who are at
the head of any group, either because
they are the most physically powerful, as
in gang leaders, because they are
appointed by those who have the authority
to do so, or because they are elected.
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 LEADER

L – LEAD, LOVE, LEARN

E – ENTHUSIASTIC, ENERGETIC
A – ASSERTIVE, ACHIEVER
D – DEDICATED, DESIROUS
E – EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE
R – RESPONSIBLE, RESPECTFUL
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 Definition
"Leadership is the art of getting
someone else to do something you
want done because he wants to do
it." – Dwight D. Eisenhower

"A leader is best when people barely

know he exists. When his work is
done, they will say: we did it
ourselves."   – Lao Tzu
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 Definition (Conti..)

Leadership is the process of directing the

behavior of others toward the
accomplishment of some common
objectives.

"Leadership is influencing people to get

things done to a standard and quality
above their norm. And doing it willingly."
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 Definition (Conti..)
As an element in social interaction, leadership is
a complex activity involving:
a process of influence
actors who are both leaders and followers
a range of possible outcomes - the
achievement of goals, but also the
commitment of individuals to such goals, the
enhancement of group cohesion and the
reinforcement of change of organizational
Culture.
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Types of Leadership Style

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Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)
Autocratic:
Leader makes decisions without reference to anyone
else
High degree of dependency on the leader
The subordinates are made aware of what to do, but
not why.
Can create de-motivation and alienation of staff
May be valuable in some types of business where
decisions need to be made quickly and decisively
This type of leadership is useful in case of
emergency situations when the leader has to take
immediate action without consulting subordinates.
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Autocratic or Authoritarian Leadership
Style
INEFFECTIVE when EFFECTIVE when:
subordinates: Employees do not respond
become tense, fearful, to any other leadership style
or resentful There is high-volume
expect to have their production
opinions heard There is limited time to make
have low morale, high
a decision
turnover and
absenteeism and work A manager’s power is
stoppage challenged by an employee

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Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)
Democratic/Participative or
Creative:
Encourages decision making
from different perspectives – leadership may be
emphasised throughout the organisation
Consultative: process of consultation before decisions are
taken
Persuasive: Leader takes decision and seeks to persuade
others that the decision is correct
Subordinates have the feeling of satisfaction and freedom

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 Democratic

Let's work together to solve this. . . 12

Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)

Democratic:

Also known as consultation,

empowerment, joint decision-
making, democratic leadership,
Management By Objective (MBO)
and power-sharing.

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Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)

Democratic:
May help motivation and involvement
Workers feel ownership of the firm and
its ideas
Improves the sharing of ideas
and experiences within the business
Can delay decision making

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 Democratic:

Leader Characteristics:
Concerns with human
relations & teamwork
Fosters open & two-way
communication
Recognizes and
encourages achievement

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Bureaucratic Leadership Style

Style: Leader Characteristics:

Everything is done Manages
according to “by the book”
procedure or policy Exercises power by
exercising fixed rules
Tends to relate
impersonally to staff

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Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)
Laissez-Faire:
‘Let it be’ – the leadership
responsibilities
are shared by all
Can be very useful in businesses
where creative ideas are important
Can be highly motivational,
as people have control over their
working life

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 Conti…
Can make coordination and decision
making
time-consuming and lacking in overall
direction
Relies on good team work
Relies on good interpersonal relations
This type of leadership will be effective
where the subordinates are highly
motivates and experienced.
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 Conti…
EFFECTIVE when INEFFECTIVE when…
EMPLOYEES are: • It makes employees
highly skilled,
feel insecure at the
experienced, and
educated. unavailability of a
trustworthy manager.
Utilizing outside • Leaders are
experts, such as staff ungrateful
specialists or consultants

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Types of Leadership Style (Conti.)

Paternalistic:
Leader acts as a ‘father figure’
Paternalistic leader makes decision
but may consult
Believes in the need to support staff

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 TECHNIQUES OF EFFECTIVE
LEADERSHIP:
1. Planning and organizing:
2. Division of labour:
3. Guidance:
4. Effective communication:
5. Cooperation and coordination:
6. Encouraging participation:
7. Supervision:
8. Evaluation:
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 QUALITIES OF GOOD LEADERS.

1. Knowledge of self i.e. self awareness.

2. Personal qualifications
3. Initiative qualities
4. Technical mastery
5. Teaching abilities
6. Administrative abilities
7. Intellectual skills

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 Quality (Conti..)
8. Enthusiasm
9. Tact
10. Emotional control
11. Quality of acting as catalyst, consultant and
resource
12. Helping the individuals to grow
13. Awareness of responsibilities and
accountability
14. Conscientiousness

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