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Tumor Jar Syaraf
Tumor Jar Syaraf
SYARAF
Central NS Peripheral NS
Brain : Sensoric
Cerebrum Motoric
Cerebellum Autonomic
Spinal Cord Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Ganglion
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS
CNS :
Control Center from NS,
Processes Information,
Brain
Complex integrative function
Control voluntary and automatic activities
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS
Spinal Cord :
• Relays Information to and from Brain
• Performs less complex integrative function
• Directs many simple involuntary activities
PNS :
• Links CNS with other System and Organs
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Pathological Conditions
• Injury : - Wallerian Degeneration
- Segmented Degeneration
- Distal Axonal Degeneration
PERIPHERAL TUMOURS
Tumours and Tumours–like conditions :
Traumatic Neuroma ( not a neoplasm ):
reactive proliferation of schwan cells
fibroblast
Post operative/ Amputation :
Twisted axons reparative of the proximal nerve
and then turned to be “tumour like lesion”, may
produce severe pain (“phantom limb” pain,
sensation, after amputation )
Schwannoma ( Neurilemoma ): capsulated
Neurofibroma: uncapsulated;
Multiple=Neurofibromatosis von Recklinghausen
(heredofamylial, dominant, potentially to become
malignant=MPNST)
RADIOLOGICAL EXAMMINATION
INTRACRANIAL SOL
( Space – Occupying Lesions )
= An expansion in volume of the Intracranial contents, in fixed
cranial space! Several types/grade of clinical signs &
symptoms due to direct-indirect compression will manifest
immediately
Neuron
Neuron
Astrosit
Akson neuron
Neuron normal
oligodendrogli
a
Ependim
Skema Histogenesis Astrositoma – Glioblastoma
( Versi WHO )
MDM2
amplification (<10%)
overexpression (-50%)
Low grade astrocytoma
p16 deletion (30-40%)
Anaplastic astrocytoma
LOH 10q
PTEN mutation (5%)
DCC loss of expression (-50%)
PDFR- α amplification (<10%)
LOH 1p EGFR
LOH 19q PDGF/PDGFR
LOH 4q overexpression
ROSENTHAL FIBER
piloid
ASTROSITOMA FIBRILER
BERCAK PERKAPURAN
ASTROSITOMA PROTOPLASMIK
KISTA MIKRO
ASTROSITOMA GEMISTOSITIK
SEL GEMISTOSITIK
GIANT MONSTRO CELULLAR ASTROCYTOMA
OLIGODENDROGLIOMA
Halo perinukleus
EPENDIMOMA
PSEDUROSET DOMINAN
MENINGIOMA & YANG LAIN
MENINGIOMA
Introduksi :
Asal : meningotel (sel selaput arakhnoid),
melekat permukaan dalam duramater
x x
Meningioma Multipel
y
z
z
x
Meningioma Multipel
1
3 6
4
7
5
8
Keluhan & gejala klinik :
Diagnosis berlandaskan:
Pemeriksaan klinik / Neurologik
Laboratorik
Imaging : CT scan
MRI
Angiografi bila perlu
(Feeding artery? Persiapan
menentukan cara Operasi!)
D/. Patologi Anatomik : spesimen operasi /
biopsi stereotaktik bila sukar dijangkau
CPC reguler / periodik
Diagnosis Patologi :
o Meningioma Meningoteliomatosa
/ WHO Gr.1
M. : Mngt.+Tr.+Fbr.+ Psm.
Subtipe Meningioma
Lanjutan
Meningioma Transisional
Subtipe Meningioma
Lanjutan
o Meningioma Psamomatosa
/ WHO Gr.1
Karakteristik : Jisim psamoma predo-
minan, sangat mudah dikenal / didi-
agnosis, meskipun saat potong beku.
Kadang bercak perkapuran s/d besar2
keras menyerupai tulang, sel terdesak
sukar didapat. (Dlm M. Transisional !)
Sering pada wanita usia pertengahan.
Lokasi tersering di torakal
M. Transisional
M. Psamomatosa
Subtipe Meningioma
Lanjutan
Sel sekretorik
Subtipe Meningioma
Lanjutan
psammoma
Adenoma Hipofisis jenis Kromofob
Adenoma Hipofisis campuran
Degenerasi Kistik CPA
Craniopharyngioma, pada kasus Hidrosefalus
Craniopharyngioma + perkapuran
Pewarnaan Immunoperoksidase
p53
Ki67
ER/PR
Angiogenesis
Granula Sekretorik Hipofisis