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John Crane Power Transmission
John Crane Power Transmission
Albert Einstein
COUPLINGS – THE MISSING LINK
Rotating Machinery
Reciprocating or Hydraulic
• Diesel/ Gas
• Hydraulic Motors
Electric Motors
• Direct on line (DOL)
• Star Delta
• Variable speed/variable frequency
Couplings-The Basics
Connector
Couplings
Speed Changers
Couplings-The Basics
Couplings Modifiers
Rigid Gearboxes
Flexible Fluid Couplings
• Mechanical Variable Speed drives
• Elastomeric Belt drives
• Metal Membrane
• Miniature
• Resilient
Speed Changer
• Fluid coupling • Belts
• Gearbox • Chains
• Variable speed • Speed / Torque Limiter
Couplings-The Basics
Why a Coupling ?
Transmits Power or Torque
Power - HP or kW
Torque - lb-in or N-m
Duties from < 1 hp to > 140,000 hp
(0.1 kW to > 100 MW)
Transmits rotation
Couplings-The Basics
Coupling
? ?
Couplings-The Basics
Misalignment !
Couplings-The Basics
Angular
Parallel offset
Coupling Types
Gear
Requires Lubrication
Transmits very high
torques
Coupling Types
Grid-type
Requires lubrication
Coupling Types
Jaw
Low torque
capacity
Low end of market
Coupling Types
Elastomeric
Medium speeds and
torques
Maintenance free (??)
Coupling Types
Elastomeric (Tire)
Medium speeds and
torques
Maintenance free (??)
Coupling Types
Elastomer in Shear
Similar to tire -
but unique element shape
TB Woods major brand
Coupling Types
Metal diaphragm
Instantaneous
failure
Large diameter
Coupling Types
Disc couplings
Excellent inherent balance
Infinite life
Coupling Types
Markets
• Oil and gas
• Petrochemical
• Chemical
• Marine
• Power
API 610
Peace of mind reliability
No wear
• maintenance free
• long life
Scalloped discs for optimum performance
Fail safe spacer retention
Excellent inherent balance (meets AGMA Class 9)
Factory assembled transmission unit
Piloted design for accurate location
T Series Anatomy
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Metastream T Series
T Series Anatomy
Transmission Unit
Metastream M Series
Markets
• Oil and gas
• Petrochemical
• Marine
• Power
Metastream M Series
Unique style
Disconnects drive on failure
Ultimate in reliability
No wear
• maintenance free
• long life
Simple replacement of membrane pack
Non spark option for hazardous areas
Meets requirements of API 610
Excellent inherent balance
Metastream M Series
M Series Anatomy
Membrane
Units
Transmission Unit
Metastream M Series
Membrane Unit Anatomy
Rivets
Retaining
Ring
Guard Rings
Center Fix
Bolted
Center Fix
Anti-fly Bush
Metastream T Series
John Crane
Power Transmission
The Best vs. the Rest
Advantages of Metastream
Cartridge Assembly
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Installation
Hub Hub
Hub Hub
Deflection
Driving
bolt
Driven
bolt
Advantages of Metastream
Disc link
(compression)
Disc link
(tension)
Advantages of Metastream
Disc Pre-Stretch
Original Pre-stretched
Advantages of Metastream
Assembly to Flange
Prestretch
Advantages of Metastream
Located Assembly
Pre stretches
Discs onto
Flange
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Coupling
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
Pilot Fits
Pilot
Hub
Guard Ring
Advantages of Metastream
Anti-fly
Spacer Guard Ring
Anti-fly
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Coupling
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
Overload Collars
Overload Collar
Advantages of Metastream
Fatigue Failure
Failure
Occurs at
Edge of
Washer
Advantages of Metastream
Optimum Washer Design
Maximum
Life
Washer Radius
Life
Optimum Radius
Washer Radius
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Coupling
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
Better?
NO!
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Coupling
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
T Series Coupling
Flexing Discs
Guard Ring
Hub Hub
Spacer
Transmission Unit
Advantages of Metastream
API 671
Pumps
Compressors
Turbines
Special Designs
Short DBSE
Coupling Selection
Coupling Selection
Driver
Driven
Power (HP or kW ) Normal / Max. Transient or Torque
(Nm or lbs.ft)
Speed (rpm) Normal / Maximum
Distance between shaft ends (DBSE)
Driving and Driven shaft types and diameters
Coupling Selection
Special requirements
Required Misalignment
• Axial Misalignment (in / mm)
• Angular deflection deg
• Parallel Offset (in / mm)
Industrial or Customer specifications apply?
• (API 610, API 671, etc.)
Is this a new or retrofit application?
• If retrofit, obtain mass elastic data of original coupling
Coupling Selection
Time
2. Cyclic Torque
(eg. Reciprocating comp.)
SF=3
Time
Coupling Selection
Service Factors
LOAD CLASSIFICATIONS: SF
Continuous & uniform operation 1.0
(Infrequent starts/ Low starting torques)
Continuous operation with minor torque 1.5
fluctuations or frequent start/stop cycles
Torque loading varies during operation in 2.0
conjunction with some shock loading
Substantial torque fluctuations & heavy 2.5
shock loads
Coupling Selection
Rating = HP x 100 x SF
N
where
SF is service factor
HP is horsepower
N is shaft speed
Coupling Selection
Example
Motor to Pump
Motor 1500 HP
Speed 1780 RPM
Service Factor 1.0
Example
Motor to Pump (Spare)
Motor 1500 HP
Speed 1780 RPM
Service Factor 1.5
CLOSE COUPLED
MODO
TSNC, TSE
Coupling Selection
Step 5 Sizing
From the appropriate catalog select the coupling for the
calculated rating. Select a coupling with a higher rating:
eg.
Calculated rating: 85 hp / 100rpm
Select: TSCS 0740
TLCS 0750
Calculated rating: 126 hp / 100rpm
Select: TSCS 1400
TLCS 1050
Coupling Selection
Step 6 Speed
Check that the application maximum speed is within
the permitted range for the coupling.
Step 7 Dimension
Check that the hub maximum bore isadequate for each
shaft. Use a large hub or use a larger coupling if necessary.
Check that the DBSE is acceptable for the design chosen.
Advantages of Metastream
API 610
• AGMA Class 9
Dynamic Balance
• Speed > 3600 RPM
• Diameter > 12.0 inches
• DBSE > 15.0 inches
API 671
API 610 versus 671 Summation
Questions?