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Ce Ofdm
Ce Ofdm
Ce Ofdm
OFDM Systems
Zhibin Wu
Yan Liu
Xiangpeng Jing
OUTLINE
OFDM System Introduction
Performance Evaluation
Conclusion
OFDM Overview
Divides high-speed serial information signal into multiple
lower-speed sub-signals:
Transmits simultaneously at different frequencies in parallel.
Modulation ( BPSK, PSK,QPSK,16QAM, …).
Pilot sub-carriers used to prevent frequency and phase shift
errors.
Usage of cyclic prefix for lower multi-path distortion
Controlled overlapping of bands in one channel
Max spectral efficiency (Nyquist rate)
Easy implementation using inverse FFTs
Easy time-freq. Synchronization
Modulate by switching between time and frequency domain
Introduction to OFDM Systems
Time-Frequency View
Some Assumptions
Usage of cyclic Prefix
Impulse response of the channel shorter
than Cyclic Prefix
Slow fading effects so that the channel is
time-invariant over the symbol interval
Rectangular Windowing of the transmitted
pulses
Perfect Synchronization of transmitter and
receiver
Additive, white, Gaussian channel noise
System Architecture
System Architecture (cont’d)
1. Input to time domain x n IDFT X k n 0,1,2,..., N 1
xN n , n N g , N g 1,...,1
2. Guard Interval x n
xn , n 0,1,..., N 1
f
Y k
7. Channel Estimation X e k k 0,1,..., N 1
H e k
Estimated
Channel
Pilot for Channel Estimation
Comb Type:
Part of the sub-
Time
Block Type:
All sub-carriers is
used as pilot in a
Time
specific period
Carriers
Block-type Channel Estimation
LS: Least Square Estimation
hLS X 1 y
where X diagx0 , x1 ,..., x N 1
y0
.
y .
.
y
N 1
Comb-type Estimation
X k X mL l
Np pilot signals uniformly inserted in X(k)
x m , l 0
L=Number of Carriers/Np infp . data,
l 1,..., L1
xp(m) is the mth pilot carrier value
Yp(k)
Y p k
H p k k 0,1,..., N p 1
X p k Xp(k)
LMS
-
+
e(k)
Interpolation for Comb-type
Linear Interpolation H e k H e mL l
H p m 1 H p m H p m
l
L
0l L
H e k H e mL l
c1H p m 1 c0 H p m c1H p m 1
Second Order 1
Interpolation 1
c ,
2
where c 1 1, l/N
0
1
c ,
1 2
Simulation Parameters
Parameter Specifications
FFT Size 64
Number of Carriers 64
Guard Length 16
OFDM Receiver
Received and Recovered Signals
amplitutde
Comb-LS Estimation
Filter length .vs. Sample Rate
Observed Symbol error rate with F ( filter length ) and
S ( samples per symbol)