Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Microfluidics For Healthcare
Microfluidics For Healthcare
Scope of Presentation
● What is a Microfluidic system?
● Market Trends
● General Applications of Microfluidics
● Need for Low Cost Microfluidics
● Low Cost Microfluidics Applications
● Paper-based
● Acrylic-based
● Textile-based
● Entrepreneurial Opportunities
● Conclusion
What is a microfluidic system?
Micro-channels
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfluidics
Growing miniaturization and integration trend
propels greater use of Microfluidics
http://www.slideshare.net/sinonar0784/fundamentals-and-applications-of-microfluidics-ch1
Microfluidics for healthcare has the
highest growth rate
Healthcare
http://www.slideshare.net/Yole_Developpement/microfluidic-applications-reportjune2015sample
General Applications of Microfluidics
Healthcare
http://www.slideshare.net/Yole_Developpement/microfluidic-applications-reportjune2015sample
Price of Conventional Analytical Device: Not Cheap, and bulky
and cancer
Influenza Infection
Influenza
E Coli
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236653884_Paper-based_microfluidic_point-of-care_diagnostic_devices_Lab_Chip
Two Categories of Paper-based Microfluidics
● 2D Microfluidics Protein
Glucose Reagent
• Made from a single layer of paper generate 2D Reagent
systems of channels and test zones. Reagents are
spotted at the test zones to perform chemical reaction
with the target analyte in sample
● 3D Microfluidics
• Fabricated by stacking alternating layers of patterned
paper and tape patterned with holes.
• The patterns of holes provide an intricate networks of
channels connected to large arrays of test zones
• Each layer can be made of a different paper
• Multiple functionalities (different diagnosis) in a single
compact device
2D Paper-based Microfluidics
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236653884_Paper-based_microfluidic_point-of-care_diagnostic_devices_Lab_Chip
3D Paper-based Microfluidics
Source: www.scu.edu
3D Paper-based Microfluidics
● Telemedicine:
● Captures the image of the rapid test (e.g. colorimetric)
● Sends it to a server via Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) or e-mail.
● Server analyses the image based on greyscale or RGB/ chromaticity values
using imaging software
● The results are sent back to the healthcare worker via SMS.
● On-Chip quantification:
● Measures the density of the lines by an optical sensor
● The sensor (i.e. a miniaturised chromameter) illuminates the detection zone
with a red light and converts the reflected light to an electrical signal,
therefore determining the concentration
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236653884_Paper-based_microfluidic_point-of-care_diagnostic_devices_Lab_Chip
How good is the performance of Paper-based Microfluidic?
Concentration (mg/dL)
88 63.001 86.90 1.24
89 (a) 62.932 86.56 2.74
(b) 62.805 86.18 3.16
95 (a) 63.805 93.32 1.77
(b) 63.899 91.33 3.85
99 65.327 98.35 0.64
101 64.989 96.70 4.26
108 66.999 106.59 1.30
110 67.318 108.17 1.66
174 82.311 182.02 4.61
208 88.211 211.08 1.48 Colour Intensity (in pixels)
https://www.academia.edu/7751439/Quantitative_Detection_Of_Glucose_In_blood_using_Paper_Based_Microfluidic_Platform
How Cheap is Paper-based Microfluidics?
A typical electronic glucose meter (USD50) and test strip Paper-based microfluidic for glucose
(USD0.30) measurement (USD0.05)
For the same application and similar performance, the cost/device can be reduced by 1000 times!
How Cheap is Paper-based Microfluidics?
• Cost/Device of paper based microfluidics for blood
chemistries is about 0.0715 USD per device.
For the same application and purpose, the cost per device can be reduced by 35,000 times!
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236653884_Paper-based_microfluidic_point-of-care_diagnostic_devices_Lab_Chip
Economic Opportunities
● A simple and fast sensor for detection and does not require trained personnel to
operate.
● Low in cost, requiring no external power equipment for operation and can be
fabricated by rapid prototyping
● Compatible to existing commercial fabrication methods and facilitates large
scale production to achieve economies of scale.
● Makes diagnosis accessible to all, and for a rapid result to be obtained with
facile device operation.
Plastic Microfludics
Materials
Why is it better?
Applications
1. Polyacrylic Acid (PAA)
Nitrate Detection
Malaria Genotyping
2. Polydymethylsiloxane (PDMS)
CTC Separation
Plastic Microfluidics Materials
Polystyrene microfluidics
Polydymethilsiloxane (PDMS)
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low Cost Microfluidic (Acrylic-based) Electrochemical Detection of
Nitrate in Water for Global Health
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low Cost Microfluidic (Acrylic-based) Electrochemical Detection of
Nitrate in Water for Global Health
Microfluidic
Platform
Mobile Application
Potentiostat
Sample
fluids
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low Cost Microfluidic (Acrylic-based) Electrochemical Detection of
Nitrate in Water for Global Health
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low Cost Microfluidic (Acrylic-based) Electrochemical Detection of
Nitrate in Water for Global Health
Conventional
Microfluidic
Electrochemical
Detection
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low Cost Microfluidic Detection of Nitrate in Water for Global Health
Source: www.scu.edu
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low-Cost Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Genotyping of Malaria-
Transmitting Mosquitoes
http://www.rentokil.com/blog/mosquito-borne-diseases/#.Vvty449OJdg
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low-Cost Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Genotyping of Malaria-
Transmitting Mosquitoes
● Need for more cost-effective options to distinguish the malaria-borne species of
mosquitoes.
● Some species have overlapping distributions, but are behaviorally and ecologically
different, yet are efficient vectors of malaria.
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low-Cost Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Genotyping of Malaria-
Transmitting Mosquitoes
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0042222#pone-0042222-g002 FTA is an acronym for Fast Technology for Analysis of nucleic acids.
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low-Cost Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Genotyping of Malaria-
Transmitting Mosquitoes
A blue LED excitation light was used to excite the fluorescent dye, allowing visual detection of amplification products without a need for any
expensive detection instrument.
The test results were recorded with a cell phone camera and capable of data analysis, and providing space and time stamps.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0042222#pone-0042222-g002
Plastic Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Low-Cost Microfluidic Chip for Rapid Genotyping of Malaria-
Transmitting Mosquitoes
Economic Opportunities
• Health and Medical research centers – can utilize this cheap platform in better study the malaria-borne mosquitoes
and to study the spread of malaria outbreak.
• Pest control and insecticide manufacturers - can develop better ways and chemicals to eliminate specific malaria-
borne mosquitoes.
• Pharmaceutical companies - can develop better drugs or more effective malaria pills and mosquito repellents.
Microfluidics spiral
Immunoassay cell search (antibody based) Microfluidics spiral (cell-size based separation)
cell recovery 85 89
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3779262/ http://www.tandfonline.com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/doi/full/10.1080/00405000.2012.660756
Emerging Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Textile-based Microfluidics Devices
Major advantages:
5. Faster Wicking Rate,
6. Simplicity of making into
wearable products, Microfluidics wristband
Microfluidics Ring
7. Better suitability to embed the
technology into daily products,
and,
8. Ability to form 3D structures.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3779262/ http://www.tandfonline.com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/doi/full/10.1080/00405000.2012.660756
Emerging Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Textile-based Microfluidics Devices
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262070864_Microfluidic_device_on_a_nonwoven_fabric_A_potential_biosensor_for_lactate_detection
Emerging Microfluidic Products/Applications:
Textile-based Microfluidics Devices
http://doras.dcu.ie/16268/1/ESPRIT_Workshop_Fernando.pdf
What are the Entrepreneurial Opportunities?
● Design and manufacturing of Low Cost
Microfluidic devices