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Employee Motivation
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Learning Objectives
• Explain the role of motivation in the workplace

• Describe four needs theories of motivation and

what motivates individuals

• Describe three process theories of motivation,

why individuals behave in a certain way and how
motivated is aroused and maintained
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Employee Motivation & The Organization

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What is Motivation?

“The set of forces that cause people to

behave in a certain way”
(Steers & Porter, 1991)
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Benefits to the Organization

• Increased performance

• Increased focus on organizational objectives

• Increased job satisfaction

• Reduced cost of industrial conflict and

absenteeism
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Benefits to the Manager

• Greater understanding of what motivates
individuals

• Identify ways to motivate employees

• Nurture highly motivated and effective teams

• Develop an empowered and responsible

workforce
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Motivation Theories
• Content theories concentrate on what motivates
individuals

• Process theories concentrate on why individuals

behave in a certain way and how motivation is
aroused and maintained
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Motivation Theories
• Needs or Content Theories
– Hierarchy of Needs
– Existence-Relatedness-Growth (ERG) Theory
– Two Factor Theory
– Achievement, Power, & Affiliation

• Process Theories
– Equity
– Expectancy
– Goal Setting
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Needs Theories of Motivation

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Hierarchy of Needs
• Research developed by Maslow based on the
Hawthorne Studies

• Hierarchy of Needs based on the order by which

they must be met

• Hierarchy changes once a need has been met for

a period of time and the motivational force of the
need transferred
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This download sample includes 11 slides

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