EVOLUTION OF

NURSING CONCEPT
Mr.Upendra Yadav
Asst.Professor
College of Nursing,
B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan
Nepal.
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 Evolution (Conti..)
• Nursing originated from the very
beginning of mankind’s origin on this
earth.

• Nursing originates from the affectionate

care to new born child, nourish, foster
and protect the helpless.

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 Evolution (Conti..)
• Gradually nursing developed with
changing impact on it.
• At that time, disease was believed to be
caused by evil spirit, within the body.
• It was thought that disease were
punishments for the sins.

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 Evolution (Conti..)
• In 1860, the Germ theory of diseases
developed.
• Robert Koch found that diseases are
caused by bacteria and Alex Zander
Fleming discovered penicillin.
• From the 17th century, nursing practice
became full-time-occupation.

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 Evolution (Conti..)
• Prior to that nursing occupation had been
considered as inferior service to the sick
people in the hospital.
• Nursing theories exist from the very
beginning.
• This fact has been systematically
developed by Florence Nightingale, as
nursing science.
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 NURSING IN GREEK & ROMAN
PERIODS
• Greek worshipped Asclepios as God of
healing.
• The people of Greece believed that
medicine was represented by Hygeia
“Goddees of health”.

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 Greek & Roman Periods
• The priests were the physicians, to take
care of the temple, help sick people.
• They believed that god appears in dream
and prescribe the medicine.
• Hippocrates gave scientific views of
medicine.
• Hippocrates said, Sickness is not sent by
the gods or taken away by them.
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 Greek & Roman Periods
• It has a physical examination and history
–taking.
• He focused on good diet, fresh air for
good health.
• Gave instruction about cold sponge for
fever, built sanitation, safe drinking
water.
• In Rome, old, good women did nursing
practices. 8
NURSING SERVICE

IN EGYPT.

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 Egypt (Contii..)
• During 1500 B.C., They Used Castor-
Oil, Lead and Copper Salts for
Remedies of the Community Diseases
and Midwifes In Delivery.

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NURSING SERVICES
IN CHINA-

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 China (Conti..)

• Good bath and wearing clean clothes

were hygiene practiced in China.
• It quite advanced in medicine.
• Shen Nung: known as the father
medicine. They used slogan of
“look”, “listen”, “ask” and “feel”.

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 China (Conti..)

• They knew about circulation of blood,

used liver diet for anaemia and iodine
for thyroid condition.

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NURSING SERVICE IN INDIA

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 India (Contii..)
• Earliest in India, Ayurved Medicine
started in Veda 5000 BC about 1400
BC Charaka, the father of Medicine,
wrote a book on internal medicine.
• At that time, doctors and Nurses were
of High moral characters.

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 India (Contii..)

• King Ashoka (226 - 250) built

Monasteries and houses for travelers,
hospitals for men and animals were also
founded.
• Old women and men used to perform
nursing practices.

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 India (Contii..)
• Hygiene and clinginess practices
adopted were keep nail short, wear
clean cloths.
• The trained Nurses Association of
India (TNAI) was established in 1905
at Lucknow.

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 ORIGIN OF MODERN NURSING
IN ENGLAND:

• The emergence of Modern Nursing was

in 1860. St. Thomas was established in
England by Florence Nightingale.
• School was under control of Hospital.

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 England (Conti..)
• Nightingale- concept on nursing service
is autonomous, self governed, dignified
profession allied to medical profession.
Nightingale’s philosophy of nursing was
introduced in USA to reduce cost.

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NURSING SERVICE
IN NEPAL.

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 Nepal (Conti..)
• Before 1950, Nepal was isolated from the
outside world.
• There were a few Nepalese Doctors and
Nurses.
• Bir Sumsher established Bir Hospital, the
first hospital in Nepal.

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 Nepal (Conti..)
• Bir Hospital was 15 beded, first stem
towards curative services.
• Realizing this very fact, Bir Sumsher
established two District hospitals at Morang
and Butwal.
• Bir Hospital had “only” 5 staffs one Dr., two
compounder and 2 dresser.

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 Nepal (Conti..)

• Bir sumsher again established a number

of other hospitals, such as Prithvi Bir
hospital at Birgunj, Jaleswor, Hanuman
Nagar (Rajbiraj hospital), Nepalgunj and
Taulihawa.
• There were informal nursing services in
Royal & Rana’s families as Ayas &
Dhaies.
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Bir Hospital (Conti..)

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Conti…

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Email: upendrayadav2001@yahoo.com 34