Nursing and Computers

Return
Prior to 1960’s
 1950’s
– computer industry grew
- nursing also made major changes per
se
- Computers are used by healthcare
facilities for basic business functions:
- Punch cards
- Card readers
- Sort and prepare data for processing
- teletypewriters
 Return
1960’s
 Use of computers is being QUESTIONED.
 Nurses station is viewed as the “hub” of
information exchange
 Introduction of Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
and online data communication and real
time processing
 Hospital information systems were
developed primarily for BILLING and
ACCOUNTING systems.
 VENDORS of computer systems and
applications in hospitals started
 Return
1970’s
 Nurses began to see the value of computers in
the profession
 DOCUMENTATION of nursing practice
 QUALITY of patient care,
 REPETITIVE aspects of managing patient care.
 Computers are perceived as cost-saving
technologies
 HIS’s further advanced
 Computer-based MIS in public health developed
 Statistical purposes
1980’s
 NURSING INFORMATICS emerged
 Need of DATA STANDARDS,
VOCABULARIES and CLASSIFICATION
schemes for computer based patient record
systems (CPRS) identified
 HIS emerged with nursing subsystems
 Order entry (like KARDEX)
 Results reporting
 Vital signs
 Narrative nursing notes
 Discharge planning systems
 Return
1980’s
 Microcomputer / Personal Computer
emerged
 Has brought computing power to workplace ,
especially the POINT-of-CARE.
 Served as stand-alone systems
(workstations)
 User-friendly and allowed nurses to create
their own applications
1990’s
 Computer technology became an
integral part of health care settings,
nursing practice, and the profession.
 Nursing Informatics was approved in
1992 by ANA as a new nursing specialty
 Demand for NI expertise increased
greatly
 Use of innovative technologies for all
levels and types of nursing and patient
education demanded
1990’s
 Laptops and Notebooks were utilized at
bedside and all point-of-care settings.
 Local area networks (LANs) were
developed in hospitals..
 Wide area networks (WANs) were
developed for linking care across health
care facilities
 INTERNET is widely used and helped
information and knowledge databases to
be integrated into bedside systems.
1990’s
 1995 – internet was brought to
the social milieu
 E-mail
 File transfer protocol
(upload/download)
 Telnet
 www protocols (The Web)
 Return
1990’s
The internet was used to
exchange data between CPRS,
while the Web became the
means to communicating online
services (browsing the internet)
and resources to the nursing
community.
Post-2000
 Development of wireless Point-of-care
systems with focus on OPEN SOURCE
solutions
 Clinical information systems (CIS)
became individualized in the Electronic
Patient Record (EPR) and patient
specific systems considered for the
lifelong longitudinal record or the
Electronic Health Record (EHR)
Post-2000
 Mobile Technology Advances
 Wireless tablet computers
 Personal digital assistants (PDAs)
 Smart cellular telephones (Smartphones)
 Voice over internet protocol (VOIP)
 Health smartcards
 TELENURSING became popular
 Remote monitoring of ICU patient,
community patients
 Return
Post-2000
LEGISLATION (US-based)
made an impact on the practice
- The Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
1. enacted to streamline healthcare
transactions
2. reduce cost
3. reimbursements
4. security, privacy, and confidentiality
Activity
 Internet Shoot Out
 Look for the History of Nursing Informatics in
the Philippines
 Create a timeline
 Use hyperlink to open up slides using
hyperlinked text/objects or pictures in one
single slide.
Assignment

 Is there an existing legislation in our country

that regulates the use of computers, internet
social media, cyber transactions, etc. and
penalizes any forms of cyber-crimes?
 If yes, does it affect our health care
systems? Explain how.
 If No, do you think the need of this
legislation is imperative in our country?
Explain your stand.