AM1102

Physics
Ms Nurulain Bte Samat
Room S 216 / Ext:407
nurulain@nilai.edu.my
Consultation hours :
Objectives:
» At the satisfactory completion of this module the student will
be able to give a general description of the following subjects
using, as appropriate, typical examples and mathematical
formulae in conjunction withy physical laws. The student will
also be able to read, understand and use sketches, drawings
and schematics to describe the subjects.
» Subject Outline :
• Measurement
• Property of matter
• Mechanics – Matter
• Mechanics – Kinetics
• Mechanics – dynamics
• Mechanics – Fluid dynamics
• Thermodynamics
• Vibrations and sound
• Optics
• Assessment : 50% Coursework
• 20% Test
• 10% Quiz
• 10% Tutorials
• 10% assignments

• 50% Final Examination

• References :
• Haufe, M.(2006). Air Service Training Engineering Ltd.
Perth college.
• Gaincoli, D.C. (2000) physics for scientists & engineers
(3rd ed) New Jersey : Prentice Hall
• Mohamed, N.S., Supa’at, L., Zainal. N., al et. (2003). Pre-
University Physics Vol.1 Singapore : Thomson Learning.
• Lecture notes – Physics (2010)
 Course Outline
WEEK TOPIC

1 Measurement
Properties Of Matter
2&3 Mechanics – Kinetics
4 Mechanics - Static
5-7 Mechanics : Dynamics
8&9 Mechanics – Fluid Dynamics
10 & 11 Wave motion
12 Optics
13 & 14 Thermodynamics
15 Revision week
16 Examination
17 Examination
Introduction : Measurements

In view of international nature of civil

aviation industry, you will need to become
fully conversant with metric, imperial and
United states (US) units and measurements.
This chapter will ask you to solve problems
using SI units, and also consider variety of
English/US units that you may not be
familiar with.
• Outline
• Unit & standard
• Base quantities Vs. derived
quantities
• Prefixes of unit
• Dimensional Analysis
• Conversion of SI units
 1.1 Units & Standard
• Units are used to describe physical quantity
• Physical quantity : quantity that can be measured
• In engineering, it is essential to include a unit in any
measurement or calculation. Otherwise a number is
meaningless (unless it is a ratio).
• System International (S.I) is originated by French. It
is the most important standard of measurement
nowadays.
 1.2 Base quantities & derived
quantities
• Base quantities:
• most basic quantities
• Cannot be defined in terms of other physical quantity
• There are 7 base quantity
• Derived quantities
• are all other quantities which can defined in terms of the
seven base quantities
• e.g. area: m2, velocity: m/s, force: kg.m/s2
 fundamental unit SI symbol
mass kg m
length m l
time s t
temperature K T
amount of substance mol mol
luminous intensity cd 
electrical current A 

7 Base quantity and its SI unit

 1.3 Dimensional Analysis

• Used to prove derived quantities

• Quantities that make up from more than 1 base
quantities will have the combination of units
of those base quantity units.
• Most of the quantities derived from base
quantities length [L], mass [M], time [T].
• e.g: Area = length x width = [L] x [L] = [L 2];
unit: m x m = m2
• Force = mass x acceleration
= [M] x [L]/[T2];
unit: kg x m / s2 = kgms-2

Example 1.1
Find the dimension & unit of pressure.
 1.4 Prefixes of Unit
• To make numbers more
manageable, we often add
prefixes to units. The table
below shows common unit
prefixes and their multiplying
factors:
Example 1.2
• 3,560,000,000m = 3.56Gm
or 3.56 x 109m
• 0.000000140s = 0.14μs
or 1.4 x 10-7 s
1.5 Conversions between Systems of
Units
 Sometimes, it is necessary to convert
one system of units to another.
 This is done using the conversion
factors.
• 1 mile = 1 609 m = 1.609 km
• 1 m = 39.37 in
• 1 ft = 0.304 8 m = 30.48 cm
• This has led to several different
measurement systems including the
 SI system,
 the fps (“foot-pound-second”) system and
 the cgs (“centimetre-gram-second”)
system.
• In engineering in general and in the
aircraft industry in particular,
measurements are often stated in non-SI
units
Some conversion factors between SI and fps units
are given below:
Quantity fps Unit SI Unit
Length 1 inch = 2.54 x 10-2 m
Area 1 yard2 = 0.83613 m2

Volume 1 gallon (imperial) = 4.5461 x 10-3 m3

Speed 1 mile/hour (mph) = 0.44704 ms-1

Mass 1 pound (lb) = 0.45359 kg
Force 1 lbf (pound force) = 4.4482 N

Pressure 1 lb in2 (psi) = 6.8948 x 103 Pa

Energy 1 ft lbf (foot pound force) = 1.3558 J

Power 1 hp (horse power) = 745.70 W
Example 1.3
A silicon chip has an area of 1.25 square
inches. Express this in square centimeters. ( 1
inch = 2.5cm)
Example 1.4
What is the posted speed limit of 55 miles per
hour (mi/h or mph) in ( 1 mi = 1.6km)
• (a) in kilometers per hour (km/h)?
• (b) meters per second (m/s) and
 Exercise
. a) Convert the following quantity
i. 100hour = ________________ s
ii. 250 km/hr = ________________ m/s

b) Represent the following quantity using

suitable prefix
i. 0.00000987meter =
ii. 821000000000seconds =
c) Determine if the following is a base or a
derived quantity. If it is a derived quantity,
use dimensional analysis to prove it.
i. Acceleration (ms-2)

ii. Force ( N or kgms-2)

iii. Mass (kg)