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Tumble Motion in I.C Engines
Tumble Motion in I.C Engines
GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS
ON THE TUMBLE MOTION IN
GASOLINE ENGINES
Requirements
Volumetric efficiency
Pressure waves
Depending on amplitude and phase of these waves, charging of
cylinders affected positively and negatively.
Even air fuel distribution
Distributes charge between cylinders properly.
Importance of Even air fuel distribution
Uneven air fuel distribution leads to:
- Power loss
- Increased fuel consumption
-Emissions
Air motions
Swirl: Rotation of charge about cylinder axis
Squish: Radial inward motion of charge
during compression stroke
Tumble: Rotation charge about circumferential
axis of cylinder near outer edge of
piston bowl
Factors to be considered in the design of intake manifold
• Uniform distribution of air to all cylinders
• Minimum possible resistance in IM Runners
• Elimination of unnecessary turbulence and eddies in IM
• Throttle Body Position
• Minimize energy losses of inlet flow
ANALYSIS OF MANIFOLD FLOW
Techniques involved in manifold analysis To investigate flow
distribution
CFD modelling
Empirical technique(observations)
Traditional method
-direct testing of prototypes
-by trial &error method
-effective but expensive & time consuming
-actual flow cannot be predicted
CFD ANALYSIS
CFD-Computational Fluid Dynamics
Branch of fluid mechanics deals with fluid flows
Use numerical analysis algorithm to solve &analyse flows
Calculations performed by computers
Stimulates liquid ,gas interactions defined under boundary conditions
Basis-Continuity Equation
-Navier-Stoke Equations
Stimulations can be of:
-Steady state stimulation: Applies constant boundary conditions
Quantities analysed-
1.Tumble Ratio: Instantaneous solid body equivalent angular velocity
to engine angular velocity
2.Turbulent Intensity:Ratio between turbulent fluctuating energy (u’)
and mean piston speed (Vp)
Minimum & maximum values of α and β obtained parametrically
In-cylinder mean turbulent intensity between IVC and TDC at 6500 rpm
Tumble characteristics at 4500 rpm
On reducing engine speed,the configuration α/β=37°/45°to
α/β=37°/55° tumble ratio increased 12% at IVC
Reduction of 12 % on same compared to 6500 rpm
Highest value observed for α/β=47°/45°
Quantity analyzed:
Tumble torque -Rotational force exerted by inlet charge motion
-Observed during intake phase
Iterations are made varying values of the parameters
Stimulation results
For flow rate and tumble P, RI, AP were significant
tumble prediction correlated within 10% of experimentally
measured value
Tumble adapter should be used thereby exact values can be
extracted.
But tumble adapter model requires 130,000 cells as 60,000 for
the standard case
Variation of Tumble with P
Port diameter increases the tumble value increases
Experimental results showed higher tumble value than by analysis
Port diameter influences tumble formation
Variation of Tumble with AP
As manifold angle increases tumble increases up to a certain
critical value(45°)
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