CONTENT

 Introduction to Polymers, LED, Polymer LED

 Need of Polymer LED
 Polymer LED structure
 Working
 Fabrication
 Disadvantages
 Applications
 Leading manufacturers
 Conclusion
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 POLYMERS

A chemical compound consisting of

repeating units of monomers.

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 LED

A light emitting diode is a semiconductor

device that emits visible light when an
electric current passes through it.

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 POLYMER LED
 Light Emitting Polymers were first announced
by J.H.Burroughes , Richard Friend, in 1990.
 Conjugated polymers are organic
semiconductors, it is associated with the “pi”
molecular orbitals , delocalized along the polymer
chain.
 The injection of extra electron and hole on the
conjugated chain can lead to excited state where
they can decay radiatively.

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 NEED OF POLYMER LED
 Light weight and flexible.
 Provide high quality imaging.
 Consume less power.
 Offer high brightness at low power voltages.
 Ensure glare-free viewing.
 It can be seen from any angle without the loss of
information.

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 POLYMER LED STRUCTURE

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  A transparent anode – Indium Tin Oxide(ITO)
is used.
 Cathode – Aluminium is used.
 A conducting polymer layer which transports
and injects holes into the active layer.
 A thin light emitting polymer layer is less than
100nm thick.
 A substrate usually made up of transparent
plastic to support the Polymer LED.

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 WORKING
 Electrical current flows from the cathode to the
anode through the organic layers, giving electrons
to the emissive layer.
 By removing the electrons in the conductive
layer ,holes need to be filled with the electrons in
the emissive layer.
 The holes and electrons recombine as the
electrons drop into the holes , they release extra
energy as light radiation.
 The wavelength of this emitted light depend on
the band gap of polymer used.
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 POLYMER LED FABRICATION
 The substrate is cleaned and kept in dust free
area.
 The multilayer deposition of the polymer
takes place through the Organic Vapor
Deposition method.
 The electrode contacts are done by vacuum
evaporation process.
 Then processed for testing.

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 DISADVANTAGES

 Emitter part is sensitive to oxidation and

humidity.
 Due to color shift, different polymers have
different life time.
 Polymer LEDs have short lifetime at high
luminescence.

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 APPLICATIONS

 It is used as display in mobile phones, laptops,

TVs etc.
 It is widely used in industry for lighting, imaging,
display manufacturers, materials.
 Used in the car bumpers.
 Used in the vests designed as bullet proof
 Used in e-newspaper.

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 LEADING MANUFACTURERS

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 CONCLUSION

 The polymer LED technology is used in

several fields, but it is still in budding stage.
 It need to attend the efficiency of the
blue color.
 In days the use of this technology will
multiply its growth.

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 THANK YOU

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