MICROCONTROLLER-

BASED
SPEEDOMETER-CUM-
ODOMETER
Submitted by
BABY BESTIN
BASILJOHNSON
THARA VIJAYAN
 INTRODUCTION

 The project comprises a dc motor speed

controller circuit with reed sensor. It is being
detected by this and display the same at LCD
in form of speed Km./Hr. and also display the
distance covered by the vehicle.
 FEATURES OF DIGITAL
SPEDOMETER
 Digital readout
 Speed displayed in km/hour
 Distance traveled displayed in kilometers
 Readings saved in non-volatile memory (EEPROM)
 Reliability due to use of the microcontroller
 No mechanical wear and tear
 Home-brewed speed transducer/ sensor
 Self reset to zero after completion of 99,999.9 km
 Easy to build and fix onto the bike
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 SPEEDOMETER-CUM-
ODOMETER UNIT ON A BIKE’S
HANDLE BAR
 REED SWITCH AND MAGNET
FIXED ON THE FRONT WHEEL
OF MOTOR BIKE
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
 PIC 16F873A
 LCD MODULE
 SPEED SENSOR
 OPTOCOUPLER
 POWER SUPPLY
 CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION
 PIC16F873A
 Parameter Name  Value 
 Program Memory Type  Flash 
 Program Memory (KB)  7
 CPU Speed (MIPS) 5 
 RAM Bytes  192 
 Data EEPROM (bytes)  128
 Digital Communication Peripherals  1-A/E/USART, 1- MSSP(SPI/I2C)
Capture/Compare/PWM Peripherals  2 CCP 
 Timers  2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit 
 ADC  5 ch, 10-bit 
 Comparators  2 
 Temperature Range (C)  -40 to 125 
 Operating Voltage Range (V)  2 to 5.5
 Pin Count  28
 CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION
 LCD MODULE
To display the speed and distance traveled, we
have used a 16x2 alpha numeric LCD based
on HD44780 controller. The backlight feature
of the LCD allows data to be visible even at
night
 CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION
 SPEED SENSOR.
For this project, we make use of a simple
home-made speed transducer. The rotation of
the wheel is sensed by the combined action of
a reed switch and a magnet fixed on the wheel.
The sensor sends a pulse to the microcontroller
each time a revolution is made
 CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION
 OPTOCOUPLER.
An optocoupler is used to counter the effects
of bouncing when the contact of reed switch is
closed.
 CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION
 POWER SUPPLY.
The power supply for various parts of the
circuit is drawn from the vehicle’s 12V battery
after reducing it to 5V using a three-terminal
voltage.
 WORKING
   Reed switch, which is a electro mechanical switch ,
when comes in contact with the magnet, gets closed.
As a result optocoupler, which interfaces reed switch
with the PIC microcontroller gets activated resulting
an interrupt signal to the microcontroller. Number of
interrupts multiplied with the perimeter of the wheel
provides the distance covered. And the number of
interrupts with in a particular time gives the speed.
Distance and speed are shown in the LCD display
 CALCULATION
 Circumference of the wheel= 2πr
(where ‘r’ is in cm)
= 2×3.14×30
= 188.4 cm or 1.884 metres
 Speed in km/hour:
N×1.88×3600/1000
= N×6.784 or N×6.8
 Distance :
The odometer is updated every 100 metres. To cover 100 metres,
the wheel is required to make approximately 53 revolutions
(100/1.88).
 CONCLUSION

 Normally, digital speedometers are found only in

luxury cars and high-end motorbikes. Even if your
motorbike has a mechanical speedometer, what will you
do when it gets damaged? First, you need to replace the
mechanical worm gear and then the cable.
 REFERENCE

 Electronics for you . November 2008

 http://www.wikipedia.org/