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WINSEM2017-18 - ECE1007 - TH - TT715 - VL2017185004598 - Reference Material I - The Semiconductor Injection Laser
WINSEM2017-18 - ECE1007 - TH - TT715 - VL2017185004598 - Reference Material I - The Semiconductor Injection Laser
2. Advantages
High radiance due to the amplifying effect of stimulated
emission(mW of output power).
Narrow linewidth of 1nm or less which reduces the effects of
material dispersion.
Modulation capabilities which extend upto GHz range.
Relative temporal coherence which is considered essential to allow
heterodyne(coherent) detection in high capacity systems.
Good spatial coherence which allows the output to be focused by a
lens into a spot.
The Semiconductor injection Laser
The cleaved ends of the crystal acts as partial mirrors in order to
encourage stimulated emission in the cavity when electrons are
injected into the p-type region.
The Semiconductor injection Laser
Solution:
DH Laser
The DH Laser provides optical confinement in the vertical direction.
Lasing takes place across the whole width of the device.
The sides of the cavity are simply formed by roughening the edges of the device .
By using laser structures in which active region does not extend to the
edges of the device.
Introduce stripe geometry to the structure to provide optical confinement
in the horizontal plane.
DH Laser
Stripe geometry
Stripe geometry
In a DH stripe contact laser the major current flow through the device and hence
the active region is within the stripe.
The stripe is formed by the creation of high resistance areas on either side by
proton bombardment or oxide isolation.
The stripe therefore acts as a guiding mechanism which overcomes the major
problems of broad area device.
The output beam divergence is typically 45o perpendicular to the plane of the
junction and 9o parallel to it.
DH stripe geometry structure has been widely utilized for optical fiber
communications.
Stripe geometry
With correct balance of guiding, provides single transverse mode operation ,
whereas the broad area device tends to allow multimode operation in the
horizontal plane.