Ottoman

Empire
(1299-1922)
Ottoman Empire

 Anatolian Turks saw themselves as

GHAZIS or warriors for Islam.

 Emir lead the societies.

Ottoman Empire

 Osman I: one of the

most successful ghazi.
 Western people called
him Othman and his
followers Ottomans.
Ottoman Empire

 Made a Muslim state in

Anatolia between 1300
and 1326.
 Successors expanded the
territory by buying land,
alliances with emirs, and
conquering.
Ottoman Empire

Why are they

good in
warfare?
Cannon and musket-carrying soldiers
Ottoman Empire

 Orkhan I
 Declared himself as
sultan, or the
“overlord” or “one
with power”
Ottoman Empire

 Captured Adrianople
in 1361, one of the
most important cities
of the Byzantine
Empire.
Ottoman Empire

 In the early 1400s,

Timur the Lame or
Tamerlane halted the
expansion of the
empire.
Ottoman Empire

 Defeated the Ottoman

army in the Battle of
Ankara in 1402. The
defeat lead to the stop
of expansion.
 Powerful
Sultans of the
Empire
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Mehmed I defeated
his brothers.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Murad II, son of

Mehmed I, defeated
the Venetians,
invaded Hungary,
overcame Italian
Crusaders.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Mehmed II, son of

Murad II, conquered
the City of
Constantinople in
1453.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Selim I, grandson of
Mehmed II, came to
power in 1512.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 In 1514, he defeated
the Safavids of
Persia (Battle of
Chaldiran).
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Swept through
Syria, Palestine,
North Africa,
Mecca, Medina, and
Cairo.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Suleyman (or Suleiman)

the Lawgiver, son of
Selim I.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Captured the city of

Belgrade (1521).
 Dominated the
Mediterranean Sea
by capturing the
Island of Rhodes
(1522).
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 Conquered the coast

line of North Africa
such as Tripoli.
 Controlled the
interior trade of the
African continent.
Ottoman Expansion (Through 1566)

 1526, Advance to
Hungary and Austria
(Vienna).
 He became the most
powerful Monarch.
Only Charles V of the
Hapsburg Empire can
rival him.
Decline of the
Empire
Empire Declines

 Suleyman killed his

ablest son and drove
others into exile.
Empire Declines

 Selim II, an
incompetent
leader, inherited
the throne.
Source:

Beck, R. B., et al World History: Patterns of Civilization (2012),

Hougton Maifflin Harcourt Publishing Company