 Every substances is made up of atom.

 There are 3 types of subatomic 亚原子

particles 粒子 :
(a) Proton 质子
(b) Electron 电子
(c) Neutron 中子
 Neutral (0)

Positively charge (+)

Negatively charge (-)

In terms of Proton Neutron Electron
(p) (n) (e)
Location In the In the In electron
nucleus nucleus shell

Relative 1 1 1/1840
mass ( 5.43 x 10-4)

Charge +1 Neutral -1
 Proton number is the number of proton in an
atom.

 Nucleon number is the total number of protons

and neutrons in an atom.

The number of nucleon = neutrons number + proton

number
 • Symbol of element. For example, Aluminium (Al)

Relatively atomic mass

= Number of nucleon
27 Symbol
= Neutron + Proton
Al
13

Atomic number /
Proton number
Particle Number of Number of Charge
proton electron
A 6 8 Negative

B 10 9 Positive

C 11 11 Neutral
Atom No. of No. of No. of Proton Nucleon
protons neutrons electrons number number

A 3 5 3 3 8

B 2 5
3 2 2
C 8 16
8 8 8
D 9 10
9 9 19
Isotopes are atoms of an element which
have same number of protons but
different number of neutrons.
 Element Number of Number of Number of
proton neutron nucleon
P 12 6 18
Q 6 6 12
R 12 12 24
S 9 9 18

Q : Which elements are isotopes?

Ans : P and R