Cardiovascular exam

Follow 1 謝建安
 Chest radiography in
cardiovascular diseasae
 CXR(PA)

A: ascedning aorta, AA:aortic arch, Az azygous vein, LA:left atrial appendage, LB: left low
Border of pulmonary artery, :V=left ventricle. PA: mian pulmonary artery, RA: right atrium
Lateral view
Coronary arteriography
Coronary artery
Cineangiographic equipment.
RAO/LAO
 Vascular access
• Radius artery:
RCALCA
• Femoral artery:
LCARCA
 Left main, LAD and LCx
LAO, caudal (spider) 45, 30

LAO, cranial 30, 30

RAO, cranial 30, 20

RAO, caudal 30, 20

PA caudal 0, 30

PA, cranial 0, 30
 RCA
LAO straight 30,0

LAO cranial 30,30

RAO straight 30,0

2D echo
 Normal echo parameter
• LA 38
• Ao 37
• RV 26
• IVS 12
• Pw 11
• LVESD 36
• LVEED 52
 LV ejection fraction
• LV ejection fraction • Qualitative assessment
• >75% • Hyperdynamic
• 55-75% • Normal
• 40-54% • Mild reduced
• 30-39% • Moderately reduced
• <30% • Severely reduced.
Transducer positions
• Parasternal
• Apical
• Subcostal
• Suprastena;
Parasternal long axis
 LV ejection fraction
• Simpson
• M mode
Diastolic dysfunction
Wall motion
Tilt table testing
• http://www.med.yale.edu/intmed/cardio/im
aging/anatomy
End~ Thanks for your attention.