BREEDING OF

SWINE
•WHAT IS BREEDING?

Whatever the name, living things

reproduce to create offspring, or
babies, of the same kind. This
process is known as breeding and it's
responsible for the creation of new
life from existing life.
Advantages:
1.One big advantage of selective breeding is its capability to
eliminate animal and plant diseases. Studies revealed that
identifying and pre-screening particular diseases allows farmers
to control them. Thus, sooner or later, genetic diseases in plants
and animals in the future will be eliminated.
2.With the projected world population to hit a mark of about 10
billion by 2050, it is more important than ever for world leaders
to start planning a food chain system that would allow for the
production of sufficient calories globally each year, so that
people can be fed effectively, gradually eliminating hunger.
3.Selective breeding has been a comfortable option on farming
for many people, as it assures a process that will completely
gave them superior types of products that are of high quality.
Disadvantages:
1.The main objective of selective breeding is to create enhanced
farm yields or items, which ultimately means that species
variety is going to be compromised for the sake of a higher level
of productivity and may lead to limited opportunities for the
continuance of the evolutionary expansion in the future from
the reason that only positive traits would remain.
2.Due to the fact that this farming technique can create
offspring that have different traits, the previous or permanent
trait they have before undergoing the process would be
completely lost.
3.Selectively bred organisms are at risk of some diseases and
environmental changes simply because of the same breeding
process from which they are a product.
BREEDING OF SWINE
The importance in breeding of swine
• Pig breeding programs traditionally focus on the genetic improvement of production and
reproduction traits that have a clear economic value. Because citizens and consumers
increasingly attach value to traits that have little or no direct relationship to production
costs or to the price of a product, pig breeding organizations want to pay more attention to
societally important traits, such as the welfare and health of pigs, the ecological effects of
pork production, and the healthiness and sensory quality of pork. Most societally important
traits have an economic and a noneconomic value and are sufficiently heritable for effective
genetic selection, although many genetic and phenotypic (co)-variances still have to be
estimated. However, it often is not clear to a pig breeding organization how it may deal with
the noneconomic value of breeding-goal traits. In this study, a retrospective selection-index
method is proposed to obtain the proper weights for societally important traits in the
breeding goal. First, the genetic-progress space for each breeding-goal trait is explored by
increasing the weights, in a stepwise manner, to each societally important trait in the
breeding goal, starting from zero. Subsequently, a pig breeding organization can adopt the
resulting genetic-progress scenario that it considers most sustainable or most acceptable.
The weights underlying the adopted scenario are considered to be the proper breeding-
goal weights. The noneconomic value of each societally important breeding-goal trait is
found by deducting its economic value from its obtained weight and is thereby expressed in
monetary units. In addition to obtaining weights for societally important breeding-goal
traits, the proposed method offers the possibility to estimate the societal costs of selecting
for economic traits only, as well as the societal benefits and the economic costs of selecting
for traits with a noneconomic value. The method is therefore a useful tool for the
development of sustainable breeding goals. An example has been worked out for a sow-line
breeding program.
How to choose the right pig breeding stock?

However, there are a number of pig characteristics that are

important for the long-term expression of the above traits that
are not normally considered. Some examples that are too easily
taken for granted include:
● Good temperament and easy to manage
● Adaptable to different temperatures and housing
● Robust and resistant to disease
● Long life
● Easy re-breeding
Available product of swine
Available types of breeding swine
Berkshire pigs, also known as Kurobuta, are a rare breed of
pig originating from the English county of Berkshire that are
bred and raised in several parts of the world, including England,
Japan, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. The
Japanese designation of the breed, Kurobuta, has become, like
Kobe beef, a preferred branding of a premium grade of pork,
that has increased the breed's popularity in the 21st century and
caused this heritage breed's meat products to command a
premium price.
CHESTER WHITE PIG
-The Chester White breed originated in Chester County,
Pennsylvania and thereby derived its breed name. At first it was
called the Chester County White, but later the “county” was
dropped. The Chester breed was derived in Jefferson County,
New York.
DUROC PIG
• The Duroc pig is an older breed of domestic pig. The breed
was developed in the United States and formed the basis for
many mixed-breed commercial hogs. Duroc pigs are reddish-
brown, large-framed, medium length, and muscular, with
partially-drooping ears. They tend to be one of the least
aggressive of all swine breeds raised for meat.
HAMPSHIRE PIG
• The Hampshire pig is a domestic swine breed characterized by
erect ears and a black body with a whitish band around the
middle, covering the front legs.
DANISH LANDRACE PIG
• The Danish Landrace (Danish language: dansk landrace, dansk
landracesvin) is a medium to large breed of pig, white in
colour with long bodies, fine hair, long snouts, and heavy
drooping ears.
POLAND CHINA PIG
• The Poland China is a breed of domestic pig, first bred in the
Ohio, United States, in 1816, deriving from many breeds
including the Berkshire and Hampshire.[1] It is the oldest
American breed of swine. Poland China hogs are typically
black, sometimes with white patches, and are known for their
large size. Big Bill, the largest hog ever recorded at 2,552 lb
(1,157 kg), was a Poland China. Poland Chinas rank highest in
U.S. pork production in pounds of hog per sow per year.
AMIRICAN YORKSHIRE PIG
• the American Yorkshire pig is found in nearly every American
state, with highest populations in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Nebraska, and Ohio. The modern Yorkshire is muscular with a
high proportion of lean meat. The American Yorkshire data has
been maintained with great diligence, including growth, sow
productivity, and backfat formation, representing the largest
source of documented livestock performance records in the
world.