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AMD Biological
AMD Biological
BIOLOGICAL
I. Affects Reproductive Patterns of
Organism
Streams affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) are highly
stressed ecosystems and occur worldwide. These streams
typically have low pH, high concentrations of dissolved metals,
and substrata coated with metal hydroxide precipitates. This
combination of chemical and physical stressors creates a
challenging environment for aquatic biota.
AMD affects the structure and function of algal, microbial,
invertebrate, and fish communities.
II. Acute and Chronic Toxicity