On-going work

 Savings in 2007
 3.8 million tonnes CO2 (routes) 6.7 (Green Teams)

 Targets for 2008

 6 million tonnes CO2

 4 pillars
 Technology
 Economic
 Infrastructure
 Operations
Pillar 3 - Infrastructure
and its Environmental
Consequences
Infrastructure
 Services or Systems necessary
for Air Traffic Services
Communications
Navigation
Surveillance
Air Traffic Management
Separation Minimums
Instrument Procedures
Airport Development
Infrastructure
 Services or Systems necessary
for Air Traffic Services
Communications
Navigation Every element
Surveillance has a direct
Air Traffic Management impact on fuel
Separation Minimums burn & CO2
Instrument Procedures emissions.
Airport Development
Optimum altitude
Reach optimum altitude ASAP
However, speed limits on climb out…
Significant savings if clean airspeed departure

Clean Airspeed Departures

 About 200-1600 kg fuel savings
Maintain en route flight at optimum altitude
Optimum altitude varies according to weight

Example: 12 hour flight

 Available Cruising Levels

Conventional Vertical Separation Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum

(RVSM)
33,000 ft 33,000 ft

32,000 ft 32,000 ft
4,000 ft
2,000 ft

31,000 ft 31,000 ft

30,000 ft 30,000 ft
2,000 ft
1,000 ft
29,000 ft 29,000 ft
 LIMITATIONS OF CONVENTIONAL
CRUISING LEVELS

Optimum Altitude Unavailable

450 kg/hr
Next Available 4,000 ft lower
penalty
(B744)

Next Available 8,000 ft lower 1200 kg/hr

penalty
 RVSM SAVINGS

Optimum Altitude Unavailable

140 kg/hr
Next Available 2,000 ft lower penalty
450 kg/hr
Next Available 4,000 ft lower penalty

As opposed to 450kg/hr or 1200kg/hr

penalty on conventional cruising levels
2006
2007

1.1 MIL
tonnes CO2
2008
Enhancing capacity / reducing emissions

Procedural / time separation

 Utilizing technology

1. Position broadcast by the aircraft (ADS-C) and Navigation accuracy

2. Direct controller / pilot communication (CPDLC)

3. Technology / available today

Reducing delays & optimum altitudes

Equates to CO2 - reductions

Infrastructure enhancements
Goal: Continuous descent for arrival
Fuel Savings on Arrivals
 10% less fuel
 40% less noise
 Saves 50-200 kg fuel
 150 - 640kg less CO2
Winds rule! Longer the flight - greater the daily
variance for the optimum track
A

B
Eastbound: Dubai - Brisbane
• Example:
• 1000 kgs per month
• 100 minutes flying time
• ~1200nm abeam great circle track
 Westbound: Los Angeles - Hong Kong
Preferred route - 03Nov05
Distance (nm) 7069
Flight time 14:50

Preferred route - 20May06

Distance (nm) 6897
Flight time 14:13
Military Restricted Airspace
 Conclusion
 Infrastructure ATM enhancement is critical
 Technology on aircraft
 Reduced reliance on ground systems

 Airlines investing:
 Reduce emissions
 Plan for ASPAC (based on ICAO GPIs)
 Accelerate progress from States

 APEC
 Working together to address issues
 Common goal
 Critical role