CIM / CAM / CAD

• CIM:- Computer Integrated Manufacturing

•CAM:- Computer Aided Manufacturing

•CAD:- Computer Aided Design

 CIM
• CIM:- Computer Integrated Manufacturing
It includes all of the engg. Functions of
CAD/CAM.
Scope of CIM under which all the activites
of design and manufacturing are covered.
Operation related to production are
incorporated in an integrated computer system to
assist, augment, automate the operation.
Scope of CIM
 CIM
• In this integrated computer system,
the output of one activity serves as the
input to next activity, through the chain
of event that starts with the sales order
and culminates with the shipment of the
product.
• Full implementation of CIM results in
the automation of the information flow
through every aspect of the company’s
Component of CIM
 CAM
• Computer Aided Manufacturing :-
The effective use of computer technology in
manufacturing planning and control.
CAM is most closely associated with function
in manufacturing engg., such as process
planning and numerical control part
programme.
Cam divided into two categories:-
1) Manufacturing Control
2) Maufacturing Planning
 Manufacturing Planning
It includes,
1. CAPP
2. Computer-assited NC part programming
3. Computerized machinability data system
4. Develpoment of work standards
5. Cost estimating
6. Production and inventory planning
7. Computer-aided line balancing
 Manufacturing Control
It includes,
1. Process monitoring & control
2. Quality control
3. Shop floor control
4. Inventory control
5. Just-in-time production system
 CAD
• Computer aided design:-
It is design activity that involves the effective
use of the computer to create, modify, analyse
or document an engg. Design. CAD associated
with the use of an interactive computer
graphics system.
Reasons for using a CAD:-
1. To increase the production of the designer
2. To improve the quality of the design
3. To improve design documentation
4. To create a manufacturing data base
 CAD Design procedure
• Steps:-
1. Recognition of need
2. Problem definition
3. Synthesis
4. Analysis and optimization
5. Evaluation
6. Presentation
 CAD
• Synthesis => Geometric
modeling
•Analysis & optimisation =>
Engg. Analysis
•Evaluation => Design review &
evalution
•Presentation => Automated
drafting
 Geometric modeling
• Here, use of a CAD system to develop a
mathematical desription of the geometry of an
object. The mathematical description called
“GEOMETRIC MODEL”.
• This permits the user of the CAD system to
display an image of the model on a graphics
terminal & to perform operation on model.
• Types G.M. :-
1. 2-D model
2. 3-D model
 Geometric modeling
It can be classified futher as :-
• Wire frame model & Solid model
•Wire frame model :- It uses interconnecting lines
to depict the object. It is complicated geometry
which creats confusion because all of the lines
representing the shape of the object are usually
shown, even the lines representing the other side
of the object.
• Solid model :- Here, an object is modeled in
solid three dimensions, providing the user with
version of the object very much like it would be
• In solid modeling, more accurate
representation of the object is obtained.
• Useful for calculating mass properties, in
assembly to perform interference checking
between mating component.
• Color & animation are two important
features of solid modeling.
• Animation capabilities permits the
operation of mechanisms & other moving
object to be displayed on the graphics
monitor.
 Engg. Analysis
After a particular design developed, some form of
engg. Analysis is required.
Analysis like stress-strain calculation, heat transfer
analysis or dynamic simulation of the ojects.
• Other analysis like:-
1. Mass properties analysis.
2. Interference checking.
3. Tolerance analysis.
4. Finite element analysis.
5. Kinematic & dynamic analysis.
6. Discrete- event simulation.
 Design Evaluation & Review
Here, following features are includes:-

1.Automatic dimensioning.
2.Error checking.
3.Animation of discrete-
event simulation solutions.
4.Plant layout design scores.
 CAD system Hardware
Components of CAD system hardware,
• One or more design workstation.
• Digital computer.
• Plotter, printer,etc. and other output devices.
• Storage devices.

CAD system would have a communication

interface to permits transmission of a data to
and from other computer system.
 Types of Graphics Terminals

• Direct view storage

tube.
• Raster scan (digital
TV).
• Direct beam refresh.
 Benefits of computer aided design
Here, following features are includes:-
1. Productivity improvement in design.
2. Shorter lead times.
3. Design analysis.
4. Fewer design errors.
5. Greater accuracy in design calculations.
6. Standardization of design, drafting and
documentation.
7. Drawing are more understandable.
8. Improved procedures for engg. Changes.
9. Benefits in manufacturing.
 Benefits of computer aided design
Here, following features are includes:-
1. Productivity improvement in design.
2. Shorter lead times.
3. Design analysis.
4. Fewer design errors.
5. Greater accuracy in design calculations.
6. Standardization of design, drafting and
documentation.
7. Drawing are more understandable.
8. Improved procedures for engg. Changes.
9. Benefits in manufacturing.
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• CAD, involves any type of design activity
which makes use of the computer to
develpoed, analyze or modify an engg.
Design.
• Modern CAD system based on ICG.
• Here, computers are used to create, transform
and display data in the form of pictures or
symbols.
• ICG is the combination of hardware and
software.
• Hardware includes a CPU, Workstation &
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• Software consist of the computer program
needed to implement graphics processing on
the system.
• ICG is a tool used by the designer to solve a
design problem.
• ICG system magnifies the powers of the
designer.
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• CAD, involves any type of design activity
which makes use of the computer to
develpoed, analyze or modify an engg.
Design.
• Modern CAD system based on ICG.
• Here, computers are used to create, transform
and display data in the form of pictures or
symbols.
• ICG is the combination of hardware and
software.
• Hardware includes a CPU, Workstation &
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• CAD, involves any type of design activity
which makes use of the computer to
develpoed, analyze or modify an engg.
Design.
• Modern CAD system based on ICG.
• Here, computers are used to create, transform
and display data in the form of pictures or
symbols.
• ICG is the combination of hardware and
software.
• Hardware includes a CPU, Workstation &
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• CAD, involves any type of design activity
which makes use of the computer to
develpoed, analyze or modify an engg.
Design.
• Modern CAD system based on ICG.
• Here, computers are used to create, transform
and display data in the form of pictures or
symbols.
• ICG is the combination of hardware and
software.
• Hardware includes a CPU, Workstation &
 Interactive Computer Graphics
• CAD, involves any type of design activity
which makes use of the computer to
develpoed, analyze or modify an engg.
Design.
• Modern CAD system based on ICG.
• Here, computers are used to create, transform
and display data in the form of pictures or
symbols.
• ICG is the combination of hardware and
software.
• Hardware includes a CPU, Workstation &