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Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
Fundamentals of Electrical
Engineering
Class Website
• Course website:
http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/ee070/Fall07/
• Login name: ee070s
• Password: towan58
Introduction
1. Define current, voltage, and power,
including their units.
dq(t )
i (t )
dt
t
q(t ) i (t )dt q(t0 )
t0
Direct Current
Alternating Current
p(t ) v (t )i (t ) Watts
t2
v(t) = 12 V
i(t) = 2e-t A
p(t) = v(t)i(t) = 24e-t
0 0
?
v iR
b
vab iab R
The units of resistance are Volts/Amp which are called
“ohms”. The symbol for ohms is omega:
George Simon Ohm, 1789-1854
V
I
R
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Ohm.html
Conductance
1
G
R
i Gv
The units of conductance are 1/ or -1. The units
are called “siemens”
Resistance Related to Physical
Parameters
L
R
A
is the resistivity of the material used to fabricate
the resistor. The units of resitivity are ohm-meters
(-m)
Power dissipation in a resistor
2
v
p vi Ri 2
R
KIRCHHOFF’S CURRENT
LAW
• The net current entering a node is zero.
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Kirchhoff.html
(a) Currents into the node = 1A+3A = 4A current out of the node ia
(b) Currents into the node = 3A+1A+ib = current out of the node =
2A so ib=2A-4A=-2A
(c) Currents into the node = 1A+ic+3A+4A = current out of the
node= 0 amps so ic =-8A
Which elements are in series?
KIRCHHOFF’S VOLTAGE
LAW
PR+ PS = 0
Example
Ohm’s Law:
VR4 = (1A)(5) = 5V = VR2 = VR3
IR2 = 5V/10 = 0.5A
IR3 = 5V/5 = 1A
KCL: IT = IR2 + IR3 + IR4 = 0.5A + 1A + 1A = 2.5A
Ohm’s Law: VR1= ITR1 = (2.5A)(5) = 12.5V
KVL: Vx = VR1 + VR4 = 12.5V+5V = 17.5V