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    Nematodos Characteristics

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    alfonso diaz dorado
    Nematodes are multicellular invertebrate animals that are microscopic and worm-shaped. They have a soft cuticle exterior and lack respiratory and circulatory systems. Plant-parasitic nematodes can enter plants and form structures called syncytia to feed on the plant. They have a digestive system with an esophagus that is either two-parted or three-parted depending on the type. Nematodes have separate sexes and reproduce sexually. Their life cycles vary in complexity but often involve an egg stage, several larval stages, and an adult stage. They can be migratory or sedentary in plants and soil and spread between locations in various ways.

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    Nematodos Characteristics

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    alfonso diaz dorado
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    Nematodes are multicellular invertebrate animals that are microscopic and worm-shaped. They have a soft cuticle exterior and lack respiratory and circulatory systems. Plant-parasitic nematodes can enter plants and form structures called syncytia to feed on the plant. They have a digestive system with an esophagus that is either two-parted or three-parted depending on the type. Nematodes have separate sexes and reproduce sexually. Their life cycles vary in complexity but often involve an egg stage, several larval stages, and an adult stage. They can be migratory or sedentary in plants and soil and spread between locations in various ways.

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    Nematodes are multicellular invertebrate animals that are microscopic and worm-shaped. They have a soft cuticle exterior and lack respiratory and circulatory systems. Plant-parasitic nematodes can enter plants and form structures called syncytia to feed on the plant. They have a digestive system with an esophagus that is either two-parted or three-parted depending on the type. Nematodes have separate sexes and reproduce sexually. Their life cycles vary in complexity but often involve an egg stage, several larval stages, and an adult stage. They can be migratory or sedentary in plants and soil and spread between locations in various ways.

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    120 views44 pages

    Nematodos Characteristics

    Uploaded by

    alfonso diaz dorado
    Nematodes are multicellular invertebrate animals that are microscopic and worm-shaped. They have a soft cuticle exterior and lack respiratory and circulatory systems. Plant-parasitic nematodes can enter plants and form structures called syncytia to feed on the plant. They have a digestive system with an esophagus that is either two-parted or three-parted depending on the type. Nematodes have separate sexes and reproduce sexually. Their life cycles vary in complexity but often involve an egg stage, several larval stages, and an adult stage. They can be migratory or sedentary in plants and soil and spread between locations in various ways.

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    of 44

    NEMATODOS

    FITOPATOGENOS
    CARACTERISTICAS DE NEMATODOS
    PARASITOS DE PLANTAS

    1. Animales invertebrados multicelulares, de


    cuerpo blando
    2. Forma vermiforme de 250μm a 12 mm
    3. Tienen cuatro mudas durante su ciclo de
    vida
    4. Movimiento sinuoso
    5. Carecen de sistemas respiratorio y
    circulatorio definidos
    NEMATODOS PARASITOS DE
    PLANTAS
    Forma y Tamaño
    CUTICULA

    TYLENCHIDA DORYLAIMIDA
    Estrías
    Anulaciones

    Campos laterales
    Campos
    CUTÍCULA
    laterales
    TIPOS DE CUTICULA

    TYLENCHIDA DORYLAIMIDA
    Mouth

    Pore-like
    Amphid

    Lips (6 total)
    ESTILETE
    PLANT-PARASITIC
    Presente Ausente

    PREDADOR

    COMEDORES
    DE BACTERIA
    PARTES DEL ESTILETE
    Boca Tipo Tylenchida
    Región cefálica esclerotizada

    Nódulos Basales
    Apical Basal

    Musculos contractores del estilete

    Hoplolaimus sp.
    Plant Parasite J.D. Eisenback
    Belonolaimus longicaudatus

    J.D. Eisenback
    Odontoestilete tipo Dorylamidos

    Dilataciones basales

    Anillo guía

    Estensiones del estilete Estilete

    Xiphinema index U. Zunke


    Longidorus sp.

    Anillo guía

    Odontoestile

    Amfidio

    U. Zunke
    SISTEMA DIGESTIVO
    ESOFAGOS
    Three-part Two-part
    (Tylenchoid) (Dorylaimoid)

    median bulb
    Dorylaimid Odontostylet
    without Basal Flanges

    Longidorus J.D. Eisenback


    Tylenchid:Esofago de Tres Partes

    Intestino
    Procorpus

    Stomatoestilete
    Región Basal Metacorpus
    Ligera sobreposición (Bulbo medio)
    Con el intestino

    Ditylenchus dipsaci U. Zunke


    Meloidogyne incognita J2

    Intestino
    Metacorpus

    Glandulas del esófago


    translapando el intestino

    Procorpus

    M.A. McClure
    Esófago tipo Dorylaimida
    Dos partes
    Odontostile Odontofore Lumen del
    (Estilete) (extensión del estilete esofago

    Procorpus Región Basal

    Longidorus sp. U. Zunke


    Esófago de Nematodos
    Cardia = Glándula Esofago-Intestino

    Antiregurgitation
    Function
    Reproductive system
    Male

    Spicula
    Bursa
    Meloidogyne incognita

    Spicules

    Opening
    to Cloaca
    M.A. McClure
    Belonolaimus longicaudatus
    Bursa

    Gubernaculum

    Spicules
    Spicules
    Bursa

    J.D. Eisenbach
    Reproductive system
    Female

    vulva

    vulva
    Tylenchorhynchus sp.
    Didelfica, Anfidelfica
    Vulva
    Vagina

    Uteros

    Intestino

    U. Zunke
    Copulación de nematodos de vida libre

    Female Vulva

    Male

    Spicules

    J.D. Eisenback
    Cola de los Nematodos

    Tail

    U. Zunke
    BODY SHAPE
    Pear shape Lemon shape

    Globose
    Cylindrical
    Biología y Ecología

    • Ciclo de Vida • Ecología:


    – Ectoparásitos
    • migratorios
    • sedentarios
    – Endoparásitos
    • migratorios
    • sedentarios
    – Nemátodos de la
    parte aérea
    ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE
    Meloidogyne spp.

    Taylor & Sasser, 1978


    Giant cells
    SOYBEAN CYST
    NEMATODE
    Heterodera glycines

    (INRA Antibes)
    POTATO CYST NEMATODES
    Globodera rostochiensis
    Globodera pallida
    Irregular shape
    Syncytium

    .Adapted from
    Robinson et al., 1997
    LIFE CYCLE
    RENIFORM NEMATODE
    Rotylenchulus reniformis

    PENETRATION

    ROOT SYNCYTIUM
    EXUDATES FORMATION

    HATCHING
    Adapted from Robinson et al., 1997
    RING NEMATODE
    Criconemella sp.
    • Short & thick
    • Deep annulations
    • Long, strong stylet
    • Vulva posterior
    SPIRAL NEMATODE
    Helicotylenchus sp.

    • Spiral shape at rest


    • Short, strong stylet
    • Vulva midbody
    • Head region conical
    DAGGER NEMATODE (Xiphinema sp.)

    • Long, thin body


    • Long, thin stylet
    • Stylet with flanges
    • Guide ring posterior
    • Vulva midbody
    Diseminación

    • Agua
    • Viento
    • Animales
    • partes vegetales
    • Maquinaria Agrícola
    • Suelo

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