• DVC (Damodar Valley Corporation)is a legacy to the people of

India, emerged as a culmination of attempts made over a

whole century to control the wild and erratic Damodar river.
The river spans over an area of 24,235 km2 covering the
states of Jharkhand (Dhanbad, Bokaro, Hazaribagh, Koderma,
Giridih, Chhatra, Palamau, Rachi, Lohardaga and Doomka) &
West Bengal (Burdwan , Hooghly, Howrah, Bankura and
Purulia).
The objectives at the time of its inceptions are:
 Flood control
 Promotion and operation of schemes for irrigation
 Water supply for industrial and domestic use
 Navigation and drainage
 Generation, transmission and distribution of electrical
energy
 Promotion of forestation and control of soil erosion in
valley area
 Promotion of public health, agriculture,industrial,economic
and general well-being in Damodar Valley
 Constructed on the river Barakar
 First underground power station
 Generating capacity of 60 MW
 MHPS -1000 feet below water level

 Maithon Hydel power station

 Kalyaneshwari substation
 Central load dispatch
• Maithon Hydel Power Station is located on the river
Barakar 12.9 km above its confluence with the Damodar
near the border of Dhanbad and Burdwan districts of the
state of Jharkhand and West Bengal respectively. The
unique feature of this hydal power station is that it is located
underground in the left bank of the river and is the first of
its kind in India. The Power station has a total generating
capacity of 60 MW with 3 units of 20 MW each.
• 20 Mw Generator Specification
• 1. Simmens Sehuckert,Germany
• 2. 3PH,generator no.D73445
• 3. Type-PFL 670/47-34
• 4. Y11,000 volt,1310/1525amp
• 5. RPM-176.6
• 6. KVA-25000/29000
• 7. P.F-0.8 const.
• Excitor Specification
• 1. V: 295/330/445
• 2. A: 465/505/700
• Main Excitor
• 1. DC GEN. NO-D39408
• 2. TYPE-GV 441/36
• 3. V-310,333,500
• 4. RPM-176.6
• The MTPS under the DVC is the second largest thermal
plant in West Bengal.
• It has the capacity of 2340 MW with 4 units of 210
MW each, 2 units of 250 MW each & 2 units of
500 MW each.

• With the introduction of another two units of 500 MW

that is in construction it will be the largest in West Bengal.
• The function of coal handling plant is automatic feeding of
coal to the boiler furnace.
• A 200MW plant may require around 2000 tonnes of coal
daily
The Ash handling System tactically manages the ash
output of the power station in such a way as to
support the monetary requirements of the plant as
well as proper disposal in ash ponds.
• Boiler is an enclosed vessel in which water is heated and
circulated until the water is turned in to steam at the
required pressure
• Types of boilers are:
 Fire tube boilers
 Water tube boilers
 Reheaters
 Superheaters
The ID fan draws gases out of the boiler after passing through
the economiser and air preheaters.

The FD fan draws air into the boiler after preheating it to fulfill
the oxygen requirements of the boiler.
• High voltage electrodes attract the ash and flue gas
particles.
• At regular intervals, the electrodes are struck with
hammers to throw off the ash particles.
• This is used to clean up the flue gas or smoke sent up the
chimney.
• The economizer draws the heat out of the flue gas and uses
it for heating the feed water
• It is placed in the passage of flue gases in between the exit
from the boiler and the entry to the chimney.
• It saves the coal combustion, increases steam rate and
improves boiler efficiency.
– The condensate (water) formed in the condenser after
condensation is initially at high temperature. This hot water is
passed to cooling towers.
– It is a tower- or building-like device in which atmospheric air
(the heat receiver) circulates in direct or indirect contact with
warmer water (the heat source) and the water is thereby
cooled.
– Types Of Cooling Tower-
 Wet cooling tower
 Dry cooling tower
• A substation is a part of an
electrical generation, transmission,
and distribution system. Substations
transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or
perform any of several other important functions.
Between the generating station and consumer, electric
power may flow through several substations at
different voltage levels.
• Substations may be owned and operated by an
electrical utility, or may be owned by a large industrial
or commercial customer. Generally substations are
unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision
and control.
 220KV SYSTEM (12 BAYS)

220KV LINES: -
1) L#228(KALYANESWARI-MTPS)
2) L#229(KALYANESWARI-MTPS) AUTOTRANSFORMERS: -
3) L#203(KALYANESWARI-CTPS)
• ATR#1CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
4) L#204(KALYANESWARI-CTPS) • ATR#2 CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
5) L#217(KALYANESWARI-PGCIL, • ATR#3 BHEL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
PITHAKARI)
6) L#218(KALYANESWARI-PGCIL, AUTOTRANSFORMERS: -
PITHAKARI)
1) ATR#1CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
2) ATR#2 CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
3) ATR#3 CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
BUS COUPLER: - 02 NOS.
BUS TIE BAY:-01NO. AUTOTRANSFORMERS: -

132KV SYSTEM (11 BAYS) 1) ATR#1CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV

2) ATR#2 CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
132KV LINES: - 3) ATR#3 CGL MAKE 150MVA, 220KV/132KV
1) L# 18(KLN-KLP)
2) L# 19KLN-KLP) 1) 50 MVA, 132/33KV, APEX MAKE.
3) L# 68(MHS-KLN) 2) 31.5MVA, 132/33KV, TELK MAKE.
4) L# 69(MHS-KLN)
5) MAL-IMPEX FDR (CD – 61MVA)
OUTDOOR SWITCHYARD
 BUSBARS
 POWER TRANSFORMERS AND MEASUREMENT TRANSFORMERS
 INSULATORS
 CIRCUIT-BEAKERS & ISOLATORS
 LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
 GALVANISED STEEL STRUCTURES FOR TOWERS & EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS.
 ROADS, RAILWAY TRACK, CABLE TRENCHES
 PLCC EQUIPMENT INCLUDING LINE TRAP, TUNING UNIT, COUPLING CAPACITOR, ETC.
 STATION EARTHING SYSTEM COMPRISING GROUND MAT, RISERS, AUXILIARY MAT,
EARTHING STRIPS, EARTHING SPIKES & EARTH ELECTRODES.
 CONTROL CABLES FOR PROTECTION AND CONTROL
 INCOMING & OUTGOING LINES

CONTROL BUILDING
IN EVERY SUB-STATION CERTAIN SUPERVISION, CONTROL AND PROTECTION FUNCTIONS
ARE NECESSARY. SO A CONTROL BUILDING/CONTROL ROOM IS REQUIRED. THE RELAY
AND PROTECTION PANELS AND CONTROL PANELS ARE INSTALLED IN THE CONTROL
ROOM.

CONTROL IN SUB-STATION ARE OF TWO CATEGORIES.

TRANSFORMERS PRESENT IN KALYANESHWARI SUBSTATION
150 MVA 220/132KV AUTO-TRANSFORMER

Make –BHEL No Load Voltage HV (Kv)-230

Year of manufacture: 2003 No Load Voltage IV (Kv)- 138
Type of cooling: ONAN/ONAF/OFAF No Load Voltage LV (Kv)-6.9
Rating HV & LV (VA)- 75/ 105/ 50 Line Current HV (Amps)-188.5/263.9/377.0
( 50%/75%/100%) Line Current LV (Amps)- 314.2/439.8/628.3
Rating LV - 10/ 14/20 Line Current LV (Amps)- 837.8/1172.9/1675.5
(50%/70%/100%)
Temp rise oil- 40C (Over Ambient of 50) Insulation Level:
Temp rise winding- 45 (Over Ambient of 50) HV- L1 950AC 395-L1 170 AC 70
Purchase order Ref- PE-SPEC-719(R)/581257 IV- L1550AC 275
Dated 03.12.02 LV-L1 75AC 2×6.9
Maker Sl No- 6006080 Diagram DRG No- 34631900019
Elect Spec No- 601098 OGA DRG No- 3463000066
Phase 3Ǿ Core and winding (Kg)- 59700
Frequency 50 Hz Weight of oil (Kg)- 38280
Connection Symbol- YNa0d1 Total weight (Kg)-140365
Impedance Volt at 150MVA Base Oil quantity (L)- 44000
HV Position (1/IV) 12.6% to 16.24% Transport Weight (Kg)-79000
HV Position (9b/IV) 14.1% to 15.5% Undertaking weight (Kg) – 59700
HV Position (17/IV) 13% to 16.77%
CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT):
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER (PT):
MAKE – ELECTRIC POWER EQUIPMENT CO. MAKE – MODERN ELECTRONIC
MSR INDUSTRIES ESTATE, BANGALORE – 560054 TYPE – OPT
RATIO – 33KV3 / 1103V /1103V.
TYPE – OHCDB-R
HSV – 36KV,
HSV – 36KV PHASE – 1,
SERIAL NO. – 33193 FREQ- 50 HZ
FREQ – 50 HZ. INSULATION CLASS – A
RATED VOLTAGE – 33KV CORE - I II
SHORT TIME THERMAL CURRENT – 15.15KA FOR 3 SECS BURDEN - 100 100
CLASS - 0.2 3P
V.F - 1.2 CONT. & 1.9 FOR 30 S
INSULATION – 70/170KV
CONN – PH – E
QTY OF OIL/WT. – 20 LTR./ 24 KG APRX. BIL – 70/170KV
DYNAMIC CURRENT – 65.6 KAP TEMP. RISE OVER WDG OIL
YEAR – 1999 45C 35C
TOTAL WT. – 150 KGS (APRX) OIL QTY. – 20 LTR.
MAX. TEMP. RISE - WINDING - 45C TOTAL WT. – 90KG
ISS – 3156,
INSULATION – ‘A’
SL. NO.- ME/PT/411/08
OVER AMBIENT (45C) OIL - 40C P.O NO. – CE(T)/P – 4/ST – BB/2087
CONTINUOUS THERMAL CURRENT – 780 A
Circuit Breakers:
MAIN FUNCTION OF CIRCUIT BREAKER IS TO SWITCH OFF AND SWITCH ON
THE NORMAL CURRENT AND TOP TRIP THE CIRCUIT AT THE OCCURANCE OF
ANY FAULT.

CIRCUIT BREAKERS USED IN THIS SUBSTATION:

 MINIMUM OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
 SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER
SF CIRCUIT BREAKER (220KV SYSTEM) DETAILS :
Type - 3AP1F1
Year of Manufacturing/No - 2006/IND/01/2276
Rated Voltage 245 kV
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage 1050 kVP
Rated Power Freq. withstand voltage 460 kV
Rated Frequency 50 Hz
Rated Normal Current 3150 A
Rated S. Circuit breaking current 40kA
Rated S. Circuit Duration 3S
Rated out of phase breaking current 10Ka
First -pole-to-clear factor 1.3
Rated line charging breaking current 125 A
Rated pressure of SF6 at +20ºC (gauge) 6.0 bar rel
Rated operating sequence O-0.3S-CO-3 m-CO
Weight of SF6 filling Approx 22 Kg
Weight including SF6 (excluding structure) Approx 3000 Kg
Make - SIEMENS
Isolators:
ISOLATORS GIVE PHYSICAL SEPARATION BETWEEN LIVE
PART AND DEAD PART. PHYSICAL SEPARATION CAN BE
SEEN BY NAKED EYE FROM A DISTANCE.

Surge/Ligthning Arrestors (LA):

SINGLE POLE UNITS CONNECTED BETWEEN BUSBAR AND
GROUND. HIGH VOLTAGE SURGES CAUSED BY LIGHTNING
OR SWITCHING ARE DISCHARGED EFFECTIVELY TO
EARTH.

Bus bars: BUSBARS ARE CONDUCTORS OF ADEQUATE

CROSS-SECTION, SUPPORTED ON INSULATORS
• A switchgear includes all the switching devices
• It includes all devices associated with control, metering and
regulating of electrical power system.
PROTECTION & CONTROL:
Objectives of Protection:

I) TO DISCONNECT THE FAULTY CIRCUIT WITH MINIMUM

DAMAGE DUE TO FAULT.
II) TO LEAVE THE REST OF THE POWER SYSTEM IN A HEALTHY
STATE.
III) COST OF REPAIR OF DAMAGE TO BE KEPT MINIMUM.
IV) TO RESTRICT POSSIBILITY OF SPREADING AND INVOLVING
OTHER EQUIPMENT.
V) TO REDUCE TIME THE EQUIPMENT OUT OF SERVICE.
VI) TO MINIMIZE COST OF REVENUE LOSS.

Characteristic of Protection:

I) VERY FAST
II) SELECTIVE
III) SENSITIVE
III) STABLE UNDER EXTERNAL FAULT