EDU-12: LEARNER IN THE

EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
GUIDANCE

Guidance is a form of assistance given by a

matured person to a less matured and
inexperienced person.

According to Skinner, guidance is a

process of helping persons to learn adjust to
self, to others, and to circumstances.
Need and Characteristics of Guidance
It involves the promotion of an
individual’s ability in self direction.
It helps an individual to recognize and use
his inner resources, to set goals, to make
plans to workout his own problems of
development.
Guidance is an organised programme.
Guidance is not a once-for-all activity but
a continuous life-long process.
Guidance consists of specialized services
like, testing, counselling, educational and
vocational information, placement and
follow-up.

It is a programme meant for all.

PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE.
Dignity and worth of individual is the
primary concern of guidance.

The all round development of individual

must be taken into account.

It should help the individual in such a way

that he gains his own insights, accepts
responsibility, develop the feeling of self-
confidence and ultimately makes his own
decisions.
It should be a continuous process of
service to an individual from childhood
through adulthood.

It is based on individual difference.

Guidance service must be an integral part

of school organisation.

An organised guidance programme should

be flexible according to the needs of the
individual and community.
Periodic evaluation or appraisal should be
made of the guidance programme.
TYPES OF GUIDANCE.
1.Personal Guidance

2. Educational Guidance.

3. Vocational Guidance.
PERSONAL GUIDANCE.

Personal guidance refers to the help given

to an individual towards a better adjustment
in the development of attitudes and behaviour
in all areas of life.

The area of personal guidance is the

individual adjustment.
NEED FOR PERSONAL GUIDANCE

It is required for the personal adjustment.

It is essential for developing individual
competence.
It is needed for avoiding the interpersonal
tensions and conflicts.
It is used for setting up a harmonious
environment between family life and
vocational life of an individual.
It helps in taking decisions with regard to
personal problems.

It brings happiness, peace and satisfaction in the

life of an individual.
OBJECTIVES OF PERSONAL GUIDANCE

To help the individual in analysing and

understanding the personal problems.
To make the individual sensitive about his
environment and possibilities objectively.
To enhance the adjustability of an
individual.
To understand the personal complexity and
causes there of.
To develop understanding and insight to the
various life situations.
PROCESS OF PERSONAL GUIDANCE

1.Collection of data.

2.Diagnosis of the causes of the problem.

3.Thinking about the remedial measures.

4. Rendering guidance.

5.Follow-up.