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  • Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

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    Rohit Singh
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    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have bacterial-shaped DNA. The document outlines the key components and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular bacteria with no membrane-bound organelles.

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    Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

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    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have bacterial-shaped DNA. The document outlines the key components and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular bacteria with no membrane-bound organelles.

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    25 views7 pages

    Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Singh
    Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and have bacterial-shaped DNA. The document outlines the key components and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells are generally larger, multicellular, and have complex internal structures, while prokaryotic cells are smaller, unicellular bacteria with no membrane-bound organelles.

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    of 7

    Eukaryotic and

    Prokaryotic Cells

    Prokaryote = without a nucleus


    Eukaryote = with a nucleus
    Eukaryotic cells

    Diagram
    Components
    • Cytoplasm
    • Nucleus
    • Mitochondria
    • Chloroplast
    • Ribosomes
    • RER
    • SER
    • Golgi body
    • Vacuoles
    Components cont.
    • Lysosomes
    • Cytoskeleton
    • Centriole
    • Cilium and Flagellum
    • Microvilli
    • Cell membrane
    • Cell Wall
    Prokaryotic cells
    Diagram
    Components
    • Cytoplasm
    • Ribosomes
    • Nuclear Zone
    • DNA
    • Plasmid
    • Cell Membrane
    • Mesosome
    • Cell Wall
    • Capsule (or slime layer)
    • Flagellum
    Summary of differences!
    Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells

    small cells (< 5 mm) larger cells (> 10 mm)


    always unicellular often multicellular
    no nucleus or any membrane- always have nucleus and other
    bound organelles membrane-bound organelles
    DNA is circular, without proteins DNA is linear and associated with
    proteins to form chromatin

    ribosomes are small (70S) ribosomes are large (80S)

    no cytoskeleton always has a cytoskeleton

    cell division is by binary fission cell division is by mitosis or


    meiosis
    reproduction is always asexual reproduction is asexual or sexual

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