HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARY AXIS & ANDROGEN

( NEGATIF FEEDBACK )

OLEH :
UCIK NURUL HIDAYATI
YUNITA KHOLILAILI SARASWATI
THE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONAL AXIS IN MALE
CONSISTS OF THREE MAIN COMPONENTS

Hypothalamus

Pituitary gland

Testis

Speroff, 2011
www.themegallery.com
Shannon M, 2010)
www.themegallery.com
 GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE
(GNRH)
 GNRH (Gonadotropin
releasing hormone) plays a key
role in the regulation of
reproductive system
 GNRH has a similar structure
in all animals. It’s a
decapeptide, meaning that it
concists of chain of 10 amino
acids.
 GNRH acts primarily to
stimulate the anterior
pituitary gland to syntesis and
secrete gonadotropins FSH
and LH
YEN,2010
ACTIVITY OF GNRH
• During the first 10 years of life, boys barely secrete
gonadotropin and therefore virtually no testosterone

• At the age of about 10 years the anterior pituitary

gland begins secreting gonadotropin in progressive
amounts increases
• Followed increase in testicular function

• 13 years old boy reaches full adult sexual capacity. This

period of change is called puberty.

Guyton, 2007
 ANDROGEN
 Androgen = hormon seks ♂
 Androgen (from andro greek prefix meaning masculine) also called androgenic
hormone or testoid
 Androgen were first discovered in maintance 1936. androgen are the precursor of all
estrogens
 There are many kinds of androgen.. DHEA, Androstenedione, Androstenediol,
Androsterone, DHT…The primary and most well-known androgen is testosterone.
 Steroid hormones that stimulate or control the development and maintenance of male
characteristics by binding to androgen receptors are also a supporter of male sex
organ activity and the growth of male secondary sex characteristics.
 in men the average daily androgen hormone levels around 6-8 mg / dl

Guyton, 2007
 FEEDBACK REGULATION OF HYPOTHALMIC-PITUITARY TESTICULAR AXIS IN
MALES

Guyton, 2007
Sherwood, 2011
 Hipotalamus mensekresi GNRH untuk
merangsang pituitary gland untuk mensekresi
FSH dan LH..
 FSH menstimulasi sel sertoli yang dapat
mendukung proses spermatogenesis dan inhibin
yang melakukan feedback hipofisis
 LH menstimulasi sel leydig yang menghasilkan
hormon testosteron yang mendukung proses
spermatogenesis, namun testosteron tersebut
juga melakukan feedback ke hipotalamus dan
hipofisis
FEEDBACK OF TESTOSTERONE SECRETION

hypothalamus LH stimulates Testosterone

secretes luteinizing hyperplasia of provides negative
hormone-releasing testicular leydig feedback to the
hormone (LH-RH), cells and hypothalamus that
which stimulates stimulates inhibits LH-RH
the anterior testosterone production
pituitary gland to production
secrete LH

So this feedback cycle maintains the speed of spermatogenesis

necessary for male reproductive function - no more and no less

Guyton, 2007
FEEDBACK OF SPERMATOGENESIS
1. FSH stimulates sertoli cells, which provide
nutrients for the development of
spermatozoa
2. Sertoli cells release inhibin, which in turn
provides negative feedback to the anterior
pituitary gland to inhibit the formation of
FSH
3. So this feedback cycle maintains the speed
of spermatogenesis necessary for male
reproductive function - no more and no less

Guyton, 2007
REFERENCE
 Ganong, William F. ( 2003 ). Review of medical psysicology – 21 st Ed.
Lange medical books/ Megraw-hill Medical publishing division
 Guyton and Hall. 2007. Textbookof medical Physicology 11E
 Prawirohardjo, Sarwono. 2014. Ilmu kebidanan. Jakarta. EGC
 Shannon M. Hawkins and Martin M. Matzuk. 2010. Menstrual Cycle: Basic
Biology. Diambil dari : www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913133/
 Speroff, Leon. And Frizt, Marc A. ( 2011) Chlinical
GynecologicEndocinology and infertility, Ed. VII TH. Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins Philadelphia 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA
 Yen, Samuel and Jaffe, Robert. (2014). Yen & Jaffe’s Reproduktive
Endokrinology, Physiologgy, Pathophysilog, and Clinical Management,
Seventh Editionsaunders, an imprint of elsevier Inc