Design and drawing of RC

Structures
CV61

Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com
Mob: 9342188467

1
Portal frames

2
 Learning out Come

• Review of Design of Portal Frames

• Design example Continued

3
 INTRODUCTION

• Step1: Design of slabs

• Step2: Preliminary design of beams and
columns
• Step3: Analysis
• Step4: Design of beams
• Step5: Design of Columns
• Step6: Design of footings

4
PROBLEM 2

5
 PROBLEM 2

A portal frame hinged at base has following data:

Spacing of portal frames = 4m
Height of columns = 4m
Distance between column centers = 10m
Live load on roof = 1.5 kN/m2
RCC slab continuous over portal frames. Safe bearing
capacity of soil=200 kN/m2
Adopt M-20 grade concrete and Fe-415 steel. Design the
slab, portal frame and foundations and sketch the details of
reinforcements.

6
 Data given:
• Spacing of frames = 4m
• Span of portal frame = 10m
• Height of columns = 4m
• Live load on roof = 1.5 kN/m2
• Concrete: M20 grade
• Steel: Fe 415

7
8
9
Step1:Design of slab
• Assume over all depth of slab as 120mm and effective
depth as 100mm
• Self weight of slab = 0.12 x 24 = 2.88 kN/m2
• Weight of roof finish = 0.50 kN/m2 (assumed)
• Ceiling finish = 0.25 kN/m2 (assumed)
• Total dead load wd = 3.63 kN/m2
• Live load wL = 1.50 kN/m2 (Given in
the data)
• Maximum service load moment at interior support =
w d L2 w L L2 = 8.5 kN-m

10 9
10
Step1:Design of slab (Contd)
• Mulim=Qlimbd2 (Qlim=2.76)
• = 2.76 x 1000 x 1002 / 1 x 106 = 27.6 kN-m > 12.75 kN-m
M u 12.75x10 6
2
 2
 1.275
bd 1000x100
• From table 2 of SP16 pt=0.384; Ast=(0.384 x 1000 x
100)/100= 384 mm2
• Spacing of 10 mm dia bars = (78.54 x 1000)/384=
204.5 mm c/c
• Provide #10 @ 200 c/c

11
Step1:Design of slab (Contd)
• Area of distribution steel Adist=0.12 x 1000
x 120 / 100 = 144 mm2
• Spacing of 8 mm dia bars = (50.26 x
1000)/144= 349 mm c/c
• Provide #8 @ 340 c/c. Main and dist.
reinforcement in the slab is shown in Fig

12
Step1:Design of slab (Contd)

13
Step2: Preliminary design of beams and columns
• Beam:
• Effective span = 10m
• Effective depth based on deflection criteria
= 10000/13 = 769.23mm
• Assume over all depth as 750 mm with
effective depth = 700mm,
breadth b = 450mm and column section
equal to 450 mm x 600 mm.
14
Step3: Analysis
Load on frame
• i) Load from slab = (3.63+1.5) x 4
=20.52 kN/m
• ii) Self weight of rib of beam = 0.45x0.63x24 =
6.80 kN/m
• Total  28.00 kN/m
• Height of beam above hinge = 4+0.1-075/2 =3.72 m
• The portal frame subjected to the udl considered
for analysis is shown in Fig. 6.10
15
Step3: Analysis (Contd.)

16
Step3:Analysis(Contd)
• The moments in the portal frame hinged at
the base and loaded as shown in Fig. is
analised by moment distribution
• IAB = 450 x 6003/12 = 81 x 108 mm4,
IBC= 450 x 7503/12 = 158.2 x 108 mm4
• Stiffness Factor:
• KBA= IAB / LAB = 21.77 x 105
KBC= IBC / LBC = 15.8 x 105
17
Step3:Analysis(Contd)
• Distribution Factors:
K BA 21.77  10 5
D BA  D BC   0.5
 K BA 21.77  10  15.8  10
5 5

Fixed End Moments:

• MFAB= MFBA= MFCD= MFDC 0
• MFBC= -=-233 kN-m and MFCB= =233 kN-m

18
Step3:Analysis(Contd) Moment Distribution Table

19
Step3:Analysis(Contd) Bending Moment diagram

20
Step3:Analysis(Contd) Design moments:
• Service load end moments: MB=156 kN-m,
• Design end moments MuB=1.5 x 156
= 234 kN-m,
• Service load mid span moment in beam=
28x102/8 – 102 =194 kN-m
• Design mid span moment Mu+=1.5 x 194 =
291 kN-m
• Maximum Working shear force (at B or C) in
beam = 0.5 x 28 x 10 = 140kN
• Design shear force Vu21= 1.5 x 140 = 210 kN
Step4:Design of beams:
• The beam of an intermediate portal frame is
designed. The mid span section of this beam is
designed as a T-beam and the beam section at the
ends are designed as rectangular section.
• Design of T-section for Mid Span :
• Design moment Mu=291
oL
 b  6kN-m
w f D
6
• Flange width bf=
• Here Lo=0.7 x L = 0.7 x 10 =7m
• bf= 7/6+0.45+6x0.12=2.33m
22
Step4:Design of T-beam:
•bf/bw=5.2 and Df /d =0.17 Referring to table
58 of SP16, the moment resistance factor is
given by KT=0.43,
•Mulim=KT bwd2 fck
= 0.43 x 450 x 7002 x 20/1x106
= 1896.3 kN-m > Mu Safe
•The reinforcement is computed using table
2 of SP16
23
Step4:Design of T- beam:
•Mu/bd2 = 291 x 106/(450x7002)1.3 for this
pt=0.392
•Ast=0.392 x 450x700/100 = 1234.8 mm2
•No of 20 mm dia bar = 1234.8/(x202/4) =3.93
•Hence 4 Nos. of #20 at bottom in the mid
span

24
Step4:Design of Rectangular beam:
•Design moment MuB=234 kN-m
•MuB/bd2= 234x106/450x7002 1.1 From table 2
of SP16 pt=0.327
•Ast=0.327 x 450 x 700 / 100 = 1030
•No of 20 mm dia bar = 1030/(x202/4) =3.2
•Hence 4 Nos. of #20 at the top near the ends
for a distance of o.25 L = 2.5m from face of
the column as shown in Fig
25
Step4:Design of beams Long. Section:

26
Step4:Design of beams Cross-Section:

27
Check for Shear:
3
V 210x10
•Nominal shear stress =   v  u

bd 450  700
 0.67

•pt=100x 1256/(450x700)=0.390.4
•Permissible stress for pt=0.4 from table 19
c=0.432 < v Hence shear reinforcement is
required to be designed
•Strength of concrete Vuc=0.432 x 450 x
700/1000 = 136 kN
•Shear to be carried by steel Vus=210-136 =
74 kN
28
Check for Shear:
•Nominal shear stress =
pt=100x 942/(400x600)=0.390.4
•Permissible stress for pt=0.4 from table 19
c=0.432 < v Hence shear reinforcement is required
to be designed
•Strength of concrete Vuc=0.432 x 400 x 600/1000 =
103 kN
•Shear to be carried by steel Vus=162-103 = 59 kN

29
Check for Shear:
•Spacing 2 legged 8 mm dia stirrup

0.87f y A sv d 0.87  415  2  50  700

•sv=   341.53
Vus 74  10 3

•Two legged #8 stirrups are provided at 300

mm c/c (equal to maximum spacing)

30
Step5:Design of Columns:
• Cross-section of column = 450 mm x 600
mm
• Ultimate axial load Pu=1.5 x 140 = 210 kN
(Axial load = shear force in beam)
• Ultimate moment Mu= 1.5 x 156 = 234 kN-m
( Maximum)
• Assuming effective cover d’ = 50 mm; d’/D
0.1
31
 Mu 234  10
6
  0.07
f ck bD 2
20  450  600 2

Pu 210  10 3
  0.04
f ck bD 20  450  600

32
Step5:Design of Columns:
• Referring to chart 32 of SP16, p/fck=0.04;
p=20 x 0.04 = 0.8 %
• Equal to Minimum percentage stipulated by
IS456-2000 (0.8 % )
• Ast=0.8x450x600/100 = 2160 mm2
• No. of bars required = 2160/314 = 6.8
• Provide 8 bars of #20
33
Step5:Design of Columns:
8mm diameter tie shall have pitch least of
the following
• Least lateral dimension = 450 mm
• 16 times diameter of main bar = 320 mm
• 48 times diameter of tie bar = 384
• 300mm
Provide 8 mm tie @ 300 mm c/c
34
 600

450

8-#20 Tie #8 @300 c/c

35
Step6:Design of Hinges:
• At the hinge portion, concrete is under
triaxial stress and can withstand higher
permissible stress.
• Permissible compressive stress in concrete
at hinge= 2x0.4fck =16 MPa
• Factored thrust =Pu=210kN
• Cross sectional area of hinge required =
210x103/16=13125 mm2
• Provide concrete area of 200 x100
(Area =20000mm2) for the hinge
36
Step6:Design of Hinges:
• Shear force at hinge = Total moment in
column/height = 156/3.72=42
• Ultimate shear force = 1.5x42=63 kN
• Inclination of bar with vertical = 
= tan-1(30/50) =31o
• Ultimate shear force = 0.87 fy Ast sin
63  10
3
A st   339 mm 2

0.87  415  sin 31o

• Provide 4-#16 (Area=804 mm2)

37
Step7:Design of Footings:
• Load:
Axial Working load on column = 140 kN
Self weight of column
=0.45 x 0.6 x3.72x 24 = 24
Self weight of footing @10% = 16 kN
Total load = 180 kN
• Working moment at base = 42 x 1 =42 kN-m

38
Step6:Design of Footings:
• Approximate area footing required
= Load on column/SBC
= 180/200 =0.9 m2
• However the area provided shall be
more than required to take care of
effect of moment. The footing size shall
be assumed to be 1mx2m (Area=2 m2)

39
 X 2m

0.45m 1m

0.6m

0.7m
X

40
Step6:Design of Footings:
• Maximum pressure qmax=P/A+M/Z =
180/2+6x42/1x22 = 153 kN/m2
• Minimum pressure qmin
=P/A-M/Z = 180/2-6x42/1x22 = 27 kN/m2
• Average pressure
q = (153+27)/2 = 90 kN/m2
• Bending moment at X-X = 90 x 1 x
0.72/2
= 22 kN-m
• Factored moment Mu 41 33 kN-m
Step6:Design of Footings:
• Over all depth shall be assumed as 300
mm and effective depth as 250 mm,
• Mu 33  10 6
  0.528
bd 2
1000  250 2

• Corresponding percentage of steel

from Table 2 of SP16 is pt= 0.15% >
Minimum pt=0.12%
42
Step6:Design of Footings:
• Area of steel per meter width of footing
is Ast=0.12x1000x250/100=300 mm2
• Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar =
113x1000/300 = 376 mm c/c
• Provide #12 @ 300 c/c both ways

43
Step6:Design of Footings:
• Length of punching influence plane
= ao= 600+250 = 850 mm
• Width of punching influence plane
= bo= 450+250 = 700 mm
• Punching shear Force = Vpunch
=180-90x(0.85x0.7)=126.5 kN
• Punching shear stress punch
=Vpunch/(2x(ao+bo)d)
=126.5x103/(2x(850+700)250) = 0.16 MPa
• Permissible shear stress
= 0.25fck=1.18 MPa > 44
punch Safe
Step6:Design of Footings:
Check for One Way Shear
• Shear force at a distance ‘d’ from face of
column
• V= 90x1x0.45 = 40.5 kN
• Shear stress v=40.5x103/(1000x250)=0.162
MPa
• For pt=0.15 , the permissible stress c = 0.28
(From table 19 of IS456-2000)
• Details of reinforcement provided in footing
is shown in Fig.
45
46
47
Dr. G.S.Suresh
Civil Engineering Department
The National Institute of Engineering
Mysore-570 008
Mob: 9342188467 Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com

48