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2.2 Multiplication Property of Equality
2.2 Multiplication Property of Equality
2 The
Multiplication
Property of
Equality
Objective 1
Slide 2.2-3
Use the multiplication property of equality.
The addition property of equality is not enough to solve some equations, such
as
3x 2 17.
Since the coefficient of x is 3 rather than 1, the multiplication property of
equality is needed to change the equation to the form x = a number, after the 2
is subtracted from both sides of the equation and we are left with
3x 15.
Multiplication Property of Equality
If A, B, and C (C ≠ 0) represent real numbers, then the equations
A B and AC BC are
equivalent equations.
That is, we can multiply each side of an equation by the same nonzero
number without changing the solution.
Slide 2.2-4
Use the multiplication property of equality. (cont’d)
This property can be used to solve 3x 15 . The3x on the left must be changed
1
to 1x, or x. To isolate x, we multiply each side of the equation by , the
3
reciprocal of 3, which will result in a coefficient of 1 when multiplied.
1 3
3 1
3 3
DO NOT, however, divide each side by a variable, since the variable might be
equal to 0.
Slide 2.2-5
CLASSROOM Applying the Multiplication Property of Equality
EXAMPLE 1
Solve.
15x 75
Solution: Check:
15 x 75 15(5) 75
15 15 75 75
x 5
8x 20
Solution: Check:
8 x 20 8x 20
8 8 5
5 8 2 0
x 2
2
20 20
5
The solution set is .
2
Slide 2.2-7
CLASSROOM Solving an Equation with Decimals
EXAMPLE 3
Solve.
0.7 x 5.04.
Solution: Check:
x x
4 6 4 6
4 4
x 24 24
6
4
6 6
The solution set is 24.
Slide 2.2-9
CLASSROOM Applying the Multiplication Property of Equality
EXAMPLE 5
Solve.
2
t 12
3
Solution: Check:
3 2 3 2
t 12 t 12
2 3 2 3
t 18 2
(18) 12
3
12 12
The solution set is 18.
Slide 2.2-10
Using the multiplication property of equality when the
coefficient of the variable is −1.
In Section 2.1, we obtained the equation x 17.We reasoned that
since this equation says that the additive inverse (or opposite) of x is −17,
then x must equal 17.
We can also use the multiplication property of equality to obtain the same
result as detailed in the next example.
Slide 2.2-11
CLASSROOM Applying the Multiplication Property of Equality
EXAMPLE 6
Solve.
p 7
Solution: Check:
1 p 7 p 7
1 1 p 7 1 ( 7) 7
1(1) p 7 77
1 p 7
p 7
The solution set is 7 .
Slide 2.2-12
Objective 2
Slide 2.2-13
CLASSROOM Combing Like Terms When Solving
EXAMPLE 7
Solve.
4r 9r 20
Solution: Check:
5r 20 4r 9r 20
5r 20 4(4) 9(4) 20
5 5 16 (36) 20
r 4 20 20